why is vaporization a surface phenomenon
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Vapor pressure is a surface phenomenon. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon in which molecules located near the liquid's edge, not contained by enough liquid pressure on that side, escape into the surroundings as vapor. ... More temperature means the liquid gains energy to convert into its gaseous state.
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Evaporation (whether it is at or below the boiling point) happens at the interface between the liquid and the gas phase. It can not just happen everywhere.
In the case of boiling, a small nucleus can seemingly form inside the liquid, but even that is often at the surface of an impurity. By far the majority of molecules evaporating are at the surface of the liquid just before they escape into the vapor phase.
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