Why it is important to have
so many people tor mange local
administration in swral areas
Answers
CHAPTER 42
LOCAL BODIES
42.1 Local bodies are institutions of the local self governance, which look
after the administration of an area or small community such as villages,
towns, or cities. The Local bodies in India are broadly classified into two
categories. The local bodies constituted for local planning, development
and administration in the rural areas are referred as Rural Local Bodies
(Panchayats) and the local bodies, which are constituted for local
planning, development and administration in the urban areas are referred
as Urban Local Bodies (Municipalities).
42.2 Local Government is a State subject figuring as item 5 in List II of
the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India. Article 243 G of the
Indian Constitution enshrines the basic principle for devolution of power
to the Local Bodies. In the nation's journey towards becoming an
economic power, local bodies play an important part in enabling
infrastructure availability to the citizens.
42.3 The many roles that the local government is expected to play today
include:
• A Regulator, namely the administration of various acts and
regulations
• A Provider, that involves providing urban services efficiently and
equitably by managing its accounts effectively and efficiently.
• An Agent that takes the schemes of higher levels government to the
people. This
• includes promotion of popular participation
• A Welfare Agency, which provides active assistance to higher level
governments in the equitable distribution and delivery
• An Agent of Development, who strives for improvement in the
quality of life through the augmentation of infrastructure
Rural Local Bodies:
42.4 The term ‘Panchayat Raj’ is relatively new, having originated during
the British administration. 'Raj' literally means governance or
government. Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj, a decentralized
form of Government where each village is responsible for its own affairs,
as the foundation of India's political system. His term for such a vision
was "Gram Swaraj" or Village Self-governance. It was adopted by state
governments during the 1950s and 60s as laws were passed to establish
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