Question

why migratory birds are able to find directions

Answer 1

This has been proved by letting birds fly in a planetarium and changing the stars' position. Another tool is the earth's magnetic field (earth's north and south magnetic poles). Some birds, like pigeons, have a small zone in their brain made of magnetite (magnetic mineral), just like a small compass.

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Answer 2

They can use the sun, for example, which means that they permanently "know" what time it is, in order to know the right direction on the basis of the sun's position. They are also sensitive to the ultraviolet rays which penetrate the clouds but are invisible to human beings. Even the nocturnal birds use the position of the sun at sunset to know their position.

Nocturnal birds also use the stars. This has been proved by letting birds fly in a planetarium and changing the stars' position.