Question

why muhammad bin tughlaq called a genius

Answer 1

Firoze Shah Tughlaq was a more stable ruler than his father, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq. He created the next city of Delhi- Ferozabad or Firoze Shah Kotla has been know today. He was renowned builder of medieval times, extended city from old Indraprastha to the ridge and then new capital flourished. In 1354, he brought two sandstone pillars bearing Ashokan inscriptions from Meerut and Ambala and placed one at the ridge and another at Kotla Ferozeshah. The third century B.C. Ashoka Pillar in polished sandstone with Brahmi script inscriptions is 43 meters high and weight 23 Tons. He built Khirki Masjid, tomb and Madarsa at Hauz Khas which is beautiful complex of Mosque. Kalan Masjid, Chausanth Khamba, Begumpur Mosque and adjacent Bijai Mandal and Bara Khamba are the other notable buildings constructive his reign. He is also credited for building several haunting lodges in the forests of the ridge. Among these lodges, Bhooli Bhatiyari Ka Mahal, Pir Gaib and Malcha Mahal are still surviving. 

Feroseshah's rich heritage of building brought much glory and fame to the capital city. At the same time its riches, splendor and beauty inflicted danger from the plunders. During a brief interlude of two weeks in December 1398 Delhi had passed through a nightmare wnen Tamoor Lang plundered Delhi. This brought an abrupt end of the Tughlak dynasty. 

The next dynasty, the Lodis, have left some tombs. The tomb of Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517) is remarkable. The Bara Gumbad Mosque in the Lodi Garden, built in 1484, has give bays and is surmounted by three domes. The Sheesh Gumbad in Lodi Garden was decorated with glazed tiles, from it derives its name ‘ dome of glass'.

In 1526 a new chapter in Delhi's history was rewritten. Babur defeated Ibarhim Lodhi in the first battle of Panipat and established the Mughal dynasty.