Why reactuvity of aliphatic are more than aromatic carbonyl groups?
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In aliphatic compounds, the bonds between the carbon and hydrogen atoms are weak. Hence, they can be easily broken. Therefore, aliphatic compounds are quite reactive. ... Carboxylic acid and esters are less reactiveto Nu than aldehydes or ketones.
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On the other hand, an aliphatic aldehyde doesn't have that adjacency to an aromatic ring, so it doesn't have some resonance stabilization that makes the carbonyl carbon less acidic/electrophilic. ... Therefore, the greater electrophilicity of the aliphatic aldehyde's carbonyl carbon makes it more reactive..
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