why sigma 2px energy is greater than pi 2py
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A sigma bond is formed by the direct “head to head” overlap of the two half filled orbitals involved. This is a very effective overlap in which the new bonding orbital forms directly between and in the same plane as the two atomic nuclei. This makes for a very strong bond.
The pi bond is formed after a sigma bond already exists between the two atoms. This requires that the two half filled “p” orbitals overlap in a less effective “side by side” fashion to create the pi bond. The new pi bonding orbital, rather than being tucked in between the two atomic nuclei, will form above and below the plane of the nuclei. For these reasons, the pi bond will be weaker that the sigma bond.
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