Question

Why subamrines are always built with very thick and heavy metals?

Answer 1

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Most submarines have two hulls, one inside the other, to help them survive. The outer hull is waterproof, while the inner one (called the pressure hull) is much stronger and resistant to immense water pressure. The strongest submarines have hulls made from tough steel or titanium.

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Answer 2

The pressure hull of a submarine must withstand the pressure of water at depth. Hundreds of pounds of pressure per square inch translates into many tons of pressure around a pressure hull. If that hull doesn't have the strength to stand up to this, the pressure hull will implode.

Steel is a "known quantity" as far as metals. We've used it for a long time, and we have a good handle on its characteristics. Steel alloys are extremely strong, fairly easy to fabricate, and won't double the national debt if we use this metal to make a submarine pressure hull.

Steel's weldability and its common availability make it a fine choice for submarine pressure hulls. It's really strong, too. That's a big plus. No one wants to be inside the pressure hull of a submarine when it fails.

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