why symbiosis related to fungi
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A mycorrhiza is a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a plant. The fungus grows in or on the plant roots. ... The plant benefits because the fungus puts out mycelia that help absorb water and nutrients. Scientists think that a symbiotic relationship such as this may have allowed plants to first colonize the land.
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Symbioses are intimate associations involving two or more species. Fungi have evolved numerous symbioses involving diverse eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Traditionally, symbioses are categorized according to the relative benefit or harm that the partners experience (properly conceived in terms of fitnessreproductive success) as a consequence of the interactions. In parasitism one partner benefits from the association, but the other partner is harmed. In mutualisms both symbionts benefit from the interaction. In commensalism, one partner benefits, but there is no (perceived) effect on the other partner.
The evolution of reciprocal parasitism.
The categories given above are useful for conceptualizing the diversity of symbioses, but they oversimplify the nature of the interactions, especially mutualisms. It is now appreciated that even in the most benign associations there is a basic conflict of interest among the partners, both of which are trying to maximize their reproductive output at the expense of the other partner. Thus, many ecologists and evolutionary biologists now regard mutualisms and other symbioses as reciprocal parasitism. That being said, the following discussion provides examples of selected fungal symbioses, divided into the traditional (if flawed) categories of parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.Answer:
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