Why the d4 configuration system is converted into d5 and d9 into d10??
Answers
Explanation:
Review of Quantum Numbers
Electrons in an atom reside in shells characterised by a particular value of n, the Principal Quantum Number. Within each shell an electron can occupy an orbital which is further characterised by an Orbital Quantum Number, l, where l can take all values in the range:
l = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... , (n-1),
traditionally termed s, p, d, f, etc. orbitals.
Each orbital has a characteristic shape reflecting the motion of the electron in that particular orbital, this motion being characterised by an angular momentum that reflects the angular velocity of the electron moving in its orbital.
A quantum mechanics approach to determining the energy of electrons in an element or ion is based on the results obtained by solving the Schrödinger Wave Equation for the H-atom. The various solutions for the different energy states are characterised by the three quantum numbers, n, l and ml.
ml is a subset of l, where the allowable values are: ml = l, l-1, l-2, ..... 1, 0, -1, ....... , -(l-2), -(l-1), -l.
There are thus (2l +1) values of ml for each l value,
i.e. one s orbital (l = 0), three p orbitals (l = 1), five d orbitals (l = 2), etc.