why the Mediterranean region and the rainfall in water for 3 marks
Answers
Mediterranean regions experience dry summers and wet winters due to the shift of wind belts in these seasons.
In winter season, when Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts southward all the northern hemisphere wind belts becomes more broad in their coverage and extends southward as well. Mediterranean regions location happens to be in the margins of Westerlies and when ITCZ moves southward, Westerlies also shifts southward thereby covering the Mediterranean regions. These winds move in west to east direction and hence the name. Coming from west, they pick up moisture from Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean sea and precipitates on Middle-west and Middle-east regions. Similarly, Mediterranean regions in Americas also receive moisture from Pacific Ocean in the same fashion.
In Summer time, ITCZ shifts to north of Africa thereby Westerlies is pushed north to Northern Europe region. Now, north-east Trade winds occupy the Mediterranean regions coming from North East interior continent regions. Due to lack of any water bodies in interior land, these winds are dry and hence there will be zero precipitation in Summer months here.