Why was the first ionization potential of an element is less than the second ionization potential
Answers
Answer: Ionisation energy(I.E) is the energy which must be supplied to remove an electron from the outermost shell of an atom. 1st I.E stands for energy required to remove the 1st electron whereas 2nd I.E stands for the energy required to pull out the 2nd electron from the same atom. As the 1st electron is removed, now there is more no. of protons than electrons. For example take Na. Initially there is 11 protons and 11 electrons attracting each other. Now that we have removed 1 electron there are 11 protons attracting 10 electrons. Now the 10 electrons feel a stronger attraction than before. Therefore it is more difficult to pull one of them out. This is why 2nd I.E is mostly greater than 1st I.E. Note the fact that this is not always true as sometimes losing the 2nd electron might give the atom a stable configuration,then the 2nd I.E might be lesser than the 1st.
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because if one electron emit the amount of proton is greater than electron and the proton addict the electron . that's it
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