Why was wootz steel so important in the pre-colonial period?
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Wootz steel is a crucible steel characterized by a pattern of bands, which are formed by sheets of micro carbides within a tempered martensite or pearlite matrix in higher carbon steel, or by ferrite and pearlite banding in lower carbon steels. It is the pioneering steel alloy matrix developed in Southern India in the 6th century BC and exported globally. It was also known in the ancient world by many different names including Wootz, Ukku, Hindvi Steel, Hinduwani Steel, Teling Steel and Seric Iron.
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Wootz steel
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Wootz steel is a crucible steel characterized by a pattern of bands. These bands are formed by sheets of microscopic carbides within a tempered martensite or pearlite matrix in higher carbon steel, or by ferrite and pearlite banding in lower carbon steels. The word "wootz" originated from the Tamil word "urukku" which denotes the alloy from which this steel was made.
This steel alloy was a pioneering developed from Tamilakam (modern-day Tamil Nadu, India) in the 6th century BC. Wootz steel was globally exported. It was traded throughout Europe and the Middle East.
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