Whyyy electron goes to 3d and not 4s during hybridization?
Answers
Answered by
0
Because 3d can be easily filled due to high energy
Answered by
6
✌✌Hey mate here is your answer ⤵⤵
✨✨✨✨✨
Having enough energy, a 3p electron can be promoted to any empty orbitals like 3d and 4s orbitals, but not only these. It is also possible to promote to 4p, 4d, 4f, 5s, 5p, 5d, 5f, 5g and so on.
It is right to say that 4s orbital is filled first and 3d after, but it is wrong to suppose that this means an order of energy like this: 4s < 3d. The orbital energies vary from atom to atom and is very sensitive to the neighbor of the atom. For H atom, the order is: 1s<2s=2p<3s=3p=3d<4s=4p=4d=4d<5s… For He and some light polyelectronic atoms, the order is: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<3d<4s<4p…, but it changes for heavier atoms until Ca: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p…
For Sc and later elements, the correct order is: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<3d<4s<4p… You could be wondering why 4s is filled first if it is more energetic. The answer is not easy because relies in quantum-mechanical calculation, but one must be remembered that total energy of the atom is not only the summation of orbital energies.
✨✨✨✨✨
✌✌Hope this will help you✌✌
✨✨✨✨✨
Having enough energy, a 3p electron can be promoted to any empty orbitals like 3d and 4s orbitals, but not only these. It is also possible to promote to 4p, 4d, 4f, 5s, 5p, 5d, 5f, 5g and so on.
It is right to say that 4s orbital is filled first and 3d after, but it is wrong to suppose that this means an order of energy like this: 4s < 3d. The orbital energies vary from atom to atom and is very sensitive to the neighbor of the atom. For H atom, the order is: 1s<2s=2p<3s=3p=3d<4s=4p=4d=4d<5s… For He and some light polyelectronic atoms, the order is: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<3d<4s<4p…, but it changes for heavier atoms until Ca: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p…
For Sc and later elements, the correct order is: 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<3d<4s<4p… You could be wondering why 4s is filled first if it is more energetic. The answer is not easy because relies in quantum-mechanical calculation, but one must be remembered that total energy of the atom is not only the summation of orbital energies.
✨✨✨✨✨
✌✌Hope this will help you✌✌
Similar questions