With close reference to Robert Southey's poem 'After Blenheim', write an essay on how it serves as an anti-war poem.
Word Limit: 350-400 words
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Answer:
After Blenheim' by Robert Southey is an anti-war poem that centres around one of the major battles of eighteenth century – the Battle of Blenheim. In the poem, Kaspar represents the ordinary common people who believe in the claims of authority. He is a common farmer who ploughs the field and grows crops. After Blenheim" is an anti-war poem written by English Romantic poet laureate Robert Southey in 1796. The poem is set at the site of the Battle of Blenheim (1704), with the questions of two small children about a skull one of them has found. Their grandfather, an old man, tells them of burned homes, civilian casualties, and rotting corpses, while repeatedly calling it "a famous victory". The poem depicts the common man's ignorance of the motives of wars.Old Kaspar has finished his work and is sitting in the sun in front of his cottage, watching his little granddaughter playing. Peterkin, his grandson, has been rolling a hard round object he found near the stream. He brings it to the old man, who explains that it is a human skull (line 17–18) and that he often finds them while ploughing in the garden (line 22–18). The children anticipate a story—"And little Wilhelmine looks up/with wonder-waiting eyes" (ln 26–27). Kaspar explains to the children the story of the battle and that the Duke of Marlborough routed the French, although he admits he never understood the reason for the war himself.He also mentions that his father had a cottage by the rivulet—"My father lived at Blenheim then"—where Peterkin found the skull, until the soldiers burned it to the ground, and his father and mother had fled, with their child. The following verse refers to a childing mother, or amother with child (ln 45–46) and many of them died with their newborns, possibly alluding to his own mother.Thousands of corpses lay rotting in the fields, but he shrugs it off, as part of the cost of war (ln 53—54). Wilhelmine says it was a wicked thing, but he contradicts her, saying it was a famous victory. The poem is a scathing commentary on "man's cruelty to man".
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