Question

with the help of a labelled diagram of human excretory system, mention its important part and explain them.

Answer 1

The Main organs of excretion in vertebrates are the KIDNEYS. these are two reddish brown bean shaped structures situated towards the back of the abdominal cavity just above the waist. each kidney has a concavity , hilus on its inner surface through which a narrow tube ureter passes out to the urinary bladder. the urinary bladder is a thin walled muscular bag.the bladder is a tube urethra which runs down and opens outside through the urinary opening.


EXTERNAL STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY.

the longitudinal section through the kidney shows three main parts.

CORTEX:it is peripheral darker position.
MEDULLA:it is inner lighter portion having comical projection called pyramid.
PELVIS: pelvis is the enlarged position of the ureter inside the kidney.


INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY
internal structure of kidney consist of more than a million number of tubules which are known as nephrons .

BOWMAN'S CAPSULE : it is a double walled up it is having a bunch of capillaries, the glomerulus .the bowman's capsule and the glomerulus together form renal corpuscle also known as malpighian body.

RENAL TUBULES : this is the second part of nephrons . it is differentiated into three regions.

* the proximal convoluted tubule
*the distal convoluted tubule
*loop of iienle

COLLECTING DUCT: the renal tubule opens into the collecting ducts .these collecting ducts opens into the cups like structure of the pelvic.
Hope it will help

Answer 2

Kidney:
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs found on the left and right sides of the body in vertebrates. They are located at the back of the abdominal cavityin the retroperitoneal space. In adults they are about 11 centimetres (4.3 in) in length. They receive blood from the paired renal arteries; blood exits into the paired renal veins. Each kidney is attached to aureter, a tube that carries excreted urine to thebladder.

Ureter:
In human anatomy, the ureters are tubes made ofsmooth muscle fibers that propel urine from thekidneys to the urinary bladder. In the adult, the ureters are usually 25–30 cm (10–12 in) long and around 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) in diameter.Histologically, the ureter is lined by the urothelium, a type of transitional epithelium, and has an additional smooth muscle layer in the more distal one-third to assist with peristalsis.

Urenary bladder:
The urinary bladder is a muscular sac in the pelvis, just above and behind the pubic bone. When empty, thebladder is about the size and shape of a pear. Urine is made in the kidneys and travels down two tubes called ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be infrequent and controlled.

Urethra:
In anatomy, the urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis and also carries semen.

Urinary opening:
In anatomy, the urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis and also carries semen.

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