Question

With the help of labelled diagrams, describe an activity to show that acids produce ions only in aqueous solutions.

Answer 1

Explanation:

• In a dry and clean test tube, take one gram of sodium chloride (NaCl). With this, add some concentration sulphuric acid. In the mouth of the test tube, fit a rubber cork in the mouth of the test tube.

• Sodium chloride reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid leading to the formation of hydrogen chloride gas. If the glass is open, the hydrogen chloride can be seen coming out of the open space.

• In HCl gas, hold a ‘dry’ litmus and you can see that there is no change. This proves that the HCl does not behave like an acid in the water’s presence. Blue moist litmus paper turns red when it is placed.

• Hence, it is proved that the ions are produced only by the acids in the presence of water.  

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Answer 2

Answer:

Heat a pinch of solid NaCl with some concentrated Sulphuric acid in a clean and dry test tube. Test the gas (HCl) evolved with dry litmus paper. No change in colour takes place. Now, pass the gas through blue litmus solution. It will turn, Red.

This is because, in aqueous solution, HCl gas dissociates into ions and thus, H+ ions are produced. which turn, Blue litmus solution, to red.

Explanation:

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