working of electric motor class 10
Answers
Answer:
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of rotation of a shaft.
Explanation:
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of rotation of a shaft.
Answer:
Electric Motor
Electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Parts of a Electric Motor
Insulated Copper wire: A rectangular coil of wire ABCD
Magnet Poles: A magnet as placed above ie North Pole and South Pole. This creates a magnetic field as shown above.
Split Rings: Two disjoint C-shaped rings P and Q. It acts as a commutator (which can reverse the direction of current).
Axle: The split rings are placed on the axle which can rotate freely.
Brushes: The outside of the split rings are connected to conducting brushes X and Y.
Source Battery: To source current.
Applications
Electric Fans
Refrigerators
Mixers
Washing machines
Explanation:
Working
When the current begins to flow, current flows through brush X, then A to B, B to C, C to D and then to brush Y and into the battery.
Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire AB, Current is along AB, Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is downwards.
Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire CD, Current is along CD, Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is upwards.
The rectangular coil begins to move in the anti-clockwise direction
Note that during anti-clockwise motion, the split rings and axle also move, whereas the brushes don't move.
After half a rotation, Wire CD and Split ring Q moves to the left. Wire AB and Split ring P moves to right. Brushes X and Y donot move.
Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire CD, Current is along DC. (Battery -> Split ring Q -> DC , Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is downwards.
Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire AB, Current is along BA. (Battery -> Split ring Q -> DC --> CB -> BA --> Split ring P) , Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is upwards.
So, again the coil rotates in the anti-clockwise direction.
The reversal of current in the coil results in the continous rotation of the coil. The reversal of current is achieved by the commutator rings...
