Question

working ok AC generator and motor

Answer 1

AC Generator

An AC generator is an electric generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in form of alternative emf or alternating current. AC generator works on the principle of ”Electromagnetic Induction”.



                                                                                                                          

Parts of an AC Generator

An Ac generator consists of two poles i.e is the north pole and south pole of a magnet so that we can have a uniform magnetic field. There is also a coil which is rectangular in shape that is the armature. These coils are connected to the slip rings and attached to them are carbon brushes.

The slip rings are made of metal and are insulated from each other. The brushes are carbon brushes and one end of each brush connects to the ring and other connects to the circuit. The rectangular coils rotate about an axis which is perpendicular to the magnetic field.  There is also a shaft which rotates rapidly.

Working of an AC Generator

When the armature rotates between the poles of the magnet upon an axis perpendicular to the magnetic field, the flux which links with the armature changes continuously. Due to this, an emf is induced in the armature. This produces an electric current through the galvanometer and the slip rings and brushes.

The galvanometer swings between the positive and negative values. This indicates that there is an alternating current flowing through the galvanometer.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

$\huge \bf{ \red{answer}}$

$\bf{\: principal}$

It is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction . when a coil is rotated about an axis perpendicular to the direction of uniform magnetic field, an indused emf produced across it.

$\bf{construction}$

The AC generator consists of the following parts :

$\sf{1. \: armature}$

A rectangular coil ABCD consisting of a large number of turns wound over a soft iron core is called armature. the soft iron core is used to increase the magnetic flux.

$\sf{2. \: field \: magnet}$

it is a strong magnet having concave poles. the armature is rotated between the two poles of this magnet so that axis of armature is perpendicular to magnetic field lines. in a small AC generator the magnet is the permanent magnet but in Big AC generators it is an electromagnet.

$\sf{3. \: slip \: rings}$

the leads from the arms of armature AC connected to two slip rings S, which rotate with the loop .

$\sf{4. \: brushes}$

the rings slide against stationery contacts called brushes . these brushes are made up of carbon. these brushes are connected to the output terminals p and q.

$\bf{working}$

the working of AC generator can be understood with the help of various positions of the armature .

suppose at time 't' =0 , the plane of the loop is perpendicular to B . as the loop rotate from position t=0 to position t=T/2 , induced EMF changes from zero to maximum value and then becomes zero again, hence induced EMF is zero. as the loop moves from position t =T /2 to position t=T , the EMF again changes from zero to maximum value and then again becomes zero .

Thus the output of the AC generator varries sinusoidally with time . The induced EMF does not depend upon the shape of the loop but depends only upon area of the loop..