Write a detailed note on sex ratio.
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The sex ratio is the ratio of males to femalesin a population. In most sexually reproducing species, the ratio tends to be 1:1. This tendency is explained by Fisher's principle.[1]For various reasons, however, many species deviate from anything like an even sex ratio, either periodically or permanently. Examples include parthenogenic species, periodically mating organisms such as aphids, someeusocial wasps such as Polistes fuscatus andPolistes exclamans, bees, ants, and termites.[2]
The human sex ratio is of particular interest to anthropologists and demographers. In human societies, however, sex ratios at birth may be considerably skewed by factors such as the age of mother at birth,[3] and by sex-selective abortion and infanticide. Exposure to pesticides and other environmental contaminants may be a significant contributing factor as well.[4] As of 2014, the global sex ratio at birth is estimated at 107 boys to 100 girls (1000 boys per 934 girls).[5]
The human sex ratio is of particular interest to anthropologists and demographers. In human societies, however, sex ratios at birth may be considerably skewed by factors such as the age of mother at birth,[3] and by sex-selective abortion and infanticide. Exposure to pesticides and other environmental contaminants may be a significant contributing factor as well.[4] As of 2014, the global sex ratio at birth is estimated at 107 boys to 100 girls (1000 boys per 934 girls).[5]
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Explanation:
Sex ratio refers to the ratio of males (men) to females (women) in a population in a society. Globally the sex ratio at birth is unequal, where they differ from one country to the other, where it is usually affected by birth, immigration, death, and emigration rates. Sex ratio, therefore, is generally measured as the ratio of the number of individuals of one sex to the other where the production of males to females has a ratio of 1:1.
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