Write a note on any three artificial satellites?
Answers
1970s
Indian space missions began in the 1970s, with Soviet assistance in launching the first two satellites.
Payload Details Launch Date Launch Vehicle Launch Site Details Refs
(ISRO
portal)
# Name Discipline COSPAR ID Launch Mass On-board Power Periapsis Apoapsis Semi-Major Axis Period Inclination Longitude‡ Eccentricity Epoch Start Decay Date
SatCat # Dry Mass
1 Aryabhatta
Earth Sciences
Space Physics[2]
1975-033A 360 kg (790 lb)[2] 46 W[3] 19 April 1975,
13:10:00 IST[4] Soviet Union Interkosmos-II Russia Kapustin Yar
Missile and Space Complex Active technological experience in building and operating a satellite system. This was India's first indigenously designed and built satellite [1]
07752 - 568 km (353 mi)[4] 611 km (380 mi)[4] - 96.5 mins[4] 50.7°[4] Not Applicable 0.00308[4] 19 April 1975, 01:30:00 IST[4] 11 February 1992[4]
2 Bhaskara
Sega-I
Astronomy
Communications
Engineering
Earth Sciences[5]
1979-051A 444 kg (979 lb)[5] 47 W[6] 7 June 1979,
16:00:00 IST[7] Soviet Union Modified SS-5
(SKean IRBM)
plus Upper Stage[5] Russia Kapustin Yar
Missile and Space Complex First experimental remote sensing satellite. Carried TV and microwave cameras [2]
11392 - 512 km (318 mi)[7] 557 km (346 mi)[7] - 95.2 mins[7] 50.7°[7] Not Applicable 0.00325[7] 7 June 1979, 01:30:00 IST[5] 17 February 1989[5]
3 Rohini
Technology
Payload
Experimental
Not Applicable 35 kg (77 lb)[8] 3 W[8] 10 August 1979[8] India SLV-3-E1 India Satish Dhawan Space Centre,
Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh Intended for measuring in-flight performance of first experimental flight of SLV-3, the first Indian launch vehicle. Did not achieve orbit[9] [3][4]
Not Applicable - Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable
† In case of discrepancy in data between sources, N2YO and NASA NSSDCA is taken as the source of truth.
‡ Orbital Longitude is applicable only for Geostationary and Geosynchronous satellites.
1980s
India had three continuous successful satellite launches from its first generation rocket SLV. Although it had to meet failure with its second generation rocket, it avoided turning back irrespective of harsh circumstances, and kept developing heavy and powerful satellites.
Payload Details Launch Date Launch Vehicle Launch Site Details Refs
(ISRO
portal)
# Name Discipline COSPAR ID Launch Mass On-board Power Periapsis Apoapsis Semi-Major Axis Period Inclination Longitude‡ Eccentricity Epoch Start Decay Date
SatCat # Dry Mass
4 Rohini RS-1 (Rohini-1B)
Earth Sciences[10]
1980-062A 35 kg (77 lb)[10] 16 W[11] 18 July 1980, 8:01:00 IST[12] IndiaSLV-3-E2 India Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh Used for measuring in-flight performance of second experimental launch of SLV-3. This was India's first indigenous satellite launch, making it the seventh nation to possess the capability to launch its own satellites on its own rockets [5][6]
11899 - 305 km (190 mi)[12] 919 km (571 mi)[12] - 96.9 mins[12] 44.7°[12] Not Applicable 0.04389[12] 18 July 1980, 1:30:00 IST[12] 20 May 1981[12]
5 Rohini RS-D1 (Rohini-2)
Earth Sciences[13]
1981-051A 38 kg (84 lb)[13] 16 W[14] 31 May 1981, 10:30:00 IST[15] India SLV-3-D1 India Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh Used for conducting some remote sensing technology studies using a landmark sensor payload. Launched by the first developmental launch of SLV-3 [7][8]