Write a note on applications of genetic engineering in production of transgenic animals.
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applications of genetic engineering in production of transgenic animals.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 1:
Transgenic animals can be prepared by keeping in view the economically significant traits, such as efficient feed utilization, faster growth rate, production of lean meat, increased production and enhanced immuno-competence.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 2:
Attempts have been made for exploiting the mammary gland to produce pharmaceuticals proteins in milk. The production of valuable pharmaceutical proteins using transgenic animal as mammary bioreactor is a major achievement in the field of live bioreactor.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 3:
This technology has been exploited to make insights into the functioning of promoter and other regulatory regions in gene expression in the mammalian system.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 4:
Transgenic sheep armed with genes involved in cysteine synthesis from dietary serine exhibited significant positive effect on wool production.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 5:
Various heterologous protein has been produced in the milk of pigs using cDNA encoding human protein for production of functional human haemoglobulin . Similarly, a heterologous protein, such as a variant of human tissue plasminogen activator has also been produced in goat which is being used in patient suffering from thrombosis, for dissolving blood clots.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 6:
The long term goal of companies developing transgenic animals is to create a new generation of medicines based on gene product, rather than on drugs engineered by chemicals.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 7:
Transgenic processes have been adopted to increase the disease resistance in animals, such as genetic immunization with recombinant plasmid containing gene for antigen of interest has been attempted for prevention of infectious diseases, e.g., rabies, pseudo rabies virus, etc.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 8:
Another mechanism to increase resistance against various diseases in transgenic animal is the congenital immunization involving transmission of gene coding for immunoglobulin, MHC, T-cell receptor or lymphokine specific for the particular pathogen, thus providing congenital immunity or inherited immunological protection without prior exposure to pathogen.
This would prohibit the need for immunization by vaccination.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 9:
Breeding of pigs with humanized organs for use in xenotransplantation has become an important application of transgenic approach.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 10:
The gene construct used to create the transgenic pigs containing the human beta-globin locus control gene may be suitable substitute for obtaining blood.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 11:
Transgenic animals are also used for testing of drugs or to undertake studies which is always not possible on human beings.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 12:
Transgenic animals have also been produced to serve as model to understand particular disease like cystic fibrosis. This is caused by a defective gene which can be mimicked in a transgenic mouse. Such transgenic animals allow the testing of drugs or to undertake studies not always possible on human.
Another example of transgenic animals produced is used to understand a particular process of Transgenic Zebra-fish, which are important tool to help in understanding gene action during embryo development.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 1:
Transgenic animals can be prepared by keeping in view the economically significant traits, such as efficient feed utilization, faster growth rate, production of lean meat, increased production and enhanced immuno-competence.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 2:
Attempts have been made for exploiting the mammary gland to produce pharmaceuticals proteins in milk. The production of valuable pharmaceutical proteins using transgenic animal as mammary bioreactor is a major achievement in the field of live bioreactor.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 3:
This technology has been exploited to make insights into the functioning of promoter and other regulatory regions in gene expression in the mammalian system.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 4:
Transgenic sheep armed with genes involved in cysteine synthesis from dietary serine exhibited significant positive effect on wool production.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 5:
Various heterologous protein has been produced in the milk of pigs using cDNA encoding human protein for production of functional human haemoglobulin . Similarly, a heterologous protein, such as a variant of human tissue plasminogen activator has also been produced in goat which is being used in patient suffering from thrombosis, for dissolving blood clots.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 6:
The long term goal of companies developing transgenic animals is to create a new generation of medicines based on gene product, rather than on drugs engineered by chemicals.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 7:
Transgenic processes have been adopted to increase the disease resistance in animals, such as genetic immunization with recombinant plasmid containing gene for antigen of interest has been attempted for prevention of infectious diseases, e.g., rabies, pseudo rabies virus, etc.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 8:
Another mechanism to increase resistance against various diseases in transgenic animal is the congenital immunization involving transmission of gene coding for immunoglobulin, MHC, T-cell receptor or lymphokine specific for the particular pathogen, thus providing congenital immunity or inherited immunological protection without prior exposure to pathogen.
This would prohibit the need for immunization by vaccination.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 9:
Breeding of pigs with humanized organs for use in xenotransplantation has become an important application of transgenic approach.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 10:
The gene construct used to create the transgenic pigs containing the human beta-globin locus control gene may be suitable substitute for obtaining blood.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 11:
Transgenic animals are also used for testing of drugs or to undertake studies which is always not possible on human beings.
Transgenic Animals: Application # 12:
Transgenic animals have also been produced to serve as model to understand particular disease like cystic fibrosis. This is caused by a defective gene which can be mimicked in a transgenic mouse. Such transgenic animals allow the testing of drugs or to undertake studies not always possible on human.
Another example of transgenic animals produced is used to understand a particular process of Transgenic Zebra-fish, which are important tool to help in understanding gene action during embryo development.
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The following are few applications of genetic engineering for producing transgenic animals -
1. By employing the method of genetic engineering we can produce transgenic animals of specific design that can help us to study the regulation of genes.
2. Also, by this we can study about certain diseases with the help of transgenic animals.
3. Also, many products can be manufactured using the transgenic animals. For example - a transgenic cow named Rosie is created which produces high quality milk.
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