Write a note on harmful Activities of bacteria
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Some facultative anaerobic bacteria are available mostly in the oxygen deficient soil which reverse the nitrifying process, thereby causing the loss of a part of its combined nitrogen. They break down the nitrates in a stepwise manner either to ammonia through assimilatory nitrate reduction or to N2 through dissimilatory nitrate reduction.
c. Pollution of Water:
Some bacteria are harmful to human affairs in different ways:
a. Pathogenic Bacteria:These bacteria cause great losses to plant and animal population by causing several diseases. Some important bacterial diseases of plants and animals, including human beings is given below (Table 2.6-2.8 and 2.11).
b. Reduction of Soil Fertility:Some facultative anaerobic bacteria are available mostly in the oxygen deficient soil which reverse the nitrifying process, thereby causing the loss of a part of its combined nitrogen. They break down the nitrates in a stepwise manner either to ammonia through assimilatory nitrate reduction or to N2 through dissimilatory nitrate reduction.
c. Pollution of Water:
Some bacteria pollute water and make it unsuitable for drinking. Diseases like cholera (Vibrio cholerae), typhoid fever (Salmonella typhi) and bacillus dysentery (Shigella dysenteriae) are commonly transmitted by drinking water.
d. Abortion:Some species of Salmonella cause abortion of sheep, horse, goat and other animals.
e. Biological Warfare:Bacteria causing diseases like anthrax, black-leg, tuberculosis, etc., are used as secret war-agents.
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This is an easy explanation for
●Reduction of Soil fertility-
Denitrifying bacteria like Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, Pseudomonas aeroginosa convert soil nitrates and ammonia into free nitrogen(atmospheric nitrogen which cannot be uptaken by plants or animals directly) and thus reduce the soil fertility.
Other harmful activities of bacteria are
●Spoilage of food- Saprotrophic bacteria cause souring of milk, rotting of vegetables, bread etc.
●Diseases − Over 90% of the human and animal diseases and over 40% of plant diseases are caused by bacteria.
(Disease causing bacterias are called as Pathogenic bacterias.)
For Example-
•human disease _CHOLERA
•Causative microbe_ BACTERIA
•Mode of transmission_
WATER/FOOD
By this example we can understand that some bacterias contaminate water and food, and when we consume this we may get bacterial diseases like Cholera, Typhoid etc.
●Destruction of penicillin
●Reduction of Soil fertility-
Denitrifying bacteria like Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, Pseudomonas aeroginosa convert soil nitrates and ammonia into free nitrogen(atmospheric nitrogen which cannot be uptaken by plants or animals directly) and thus reduce the soil fertility.
Other harmful activities of bacteria are
●Spoilage of food- Saprotrophic bacteria cause souring of milk, rotting of vegetables, bread etc.
●Diseases − Over 90% of the human and animal diseases and over 40% of plant diseases are caused by bacteria.
(Disease causing bacterias are called as Pathogenic bacterias.)
For Example-
•human disease _CHOLERA
•Causative microbe_ BACTERIA
•Mode of transmission_
WATER/FOOD
By this example we can understand that some bacterias contaminate water and food, and when we consume this we may get bacterial diseases like Cholera, Typhoid etc.
●Destruction of penicillin
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