Write a note on the legitimate use of power (500 words)
Answers
Meaning of Legitimacy:
The word ‘legitimacy’ has been derived from the Latin world ‘legitimas’. Cicero used the word ‘legitimum’ to denote the power constituted by law. Later on the word ‘legitimacy’ was used for traditional procedures, constitutional principles and adoption to traditions. At still later a stage the element of ‘consent’ was added to its meaning. Consent was considered the essence of legitimate rule.
In the modern age it was Max Weber to first enunciate the concept of ‘legitimacy’ as a universal concept. According to him, legitimacy is based in ‘belief’ and gets obedience from the people. Power is effective only if it is legitimate. Undoubtedly, power has the right to use coercion but that is not its chief element. Power should be based on legitimacy otherwise it would invite trouble and may prove ineffective.
Legitimacy:
The concept of legitimacy also has acquired a significant place in modern political theory. Although the germs of this concept can be seen in the writings of Plato who enunciated the idea of justice in his Republic, yet its systematic exposition has been carried only by modern political thinkers.
Power, influence and authority can be effective only if they are legitimate. The role of coercion in political relations has diminished with the growth of culture and civilisation. Coercive power is now regarded primitive and brutal.
The modern political processes make use of non-coercive methods of control such as influence, persuasion, leadership, public opinion, etc. Legitimacy is a pre-requisite of power.
Answer:
The Legitimate Use of Power: If power is that the exercise of constraint and compulsion against the need of a private or cluster, authority is that the sub-type of power during which folks volitionally adjust commands as a result of they see the exercise of power as legitimate. Power while not authority remains uninstitutionalized and relative. as a result of it's instrumental and conditional, its effectiveness is unsure. Authority being institutionalized, is fastened in its scope, character and distribution. Authority represents the set of rules, procedures, traditions and norms that are thought to be binding once they are applied inside a given organization.
Max Weber on Legitimization: goop Weber, argued that there are 3 sorts of legitimacy, which all human societies, across history, are supported them.
- Charismatic Authority: Legitimacy supported the attractiveness of the leader, usually part supported the perception that this leader has bound further or supernatural attributes. Example: a social group chieftain or a spiritual leader.
- Traditional Authority: Legitimacy supported tradition; e.g., folks settle for the govt for the straightforward indisputable fact that it's been around for therefore long and is predicated on widespread customs and usages.
- Rational/Legal Authority: Legitimacy supported the perception that a government’s powers are derived from set procedures, principles, and laws that are usually advanced and ar written down as a part of the constitution. Example: representative democracy or bureaucrats.
Legitimation: Central Concern on Political Science: Mills argues that the holders of those ‘command posts’ although apparently distinguishable from each other in terms of their association with 3 key establishments, are sufficiently similar in their values, interests and ideals and are inter-connected to create one ruling minority. He names this ruling minority ‘the power elite’. He argues that economic, military and political interests that these 3 teams represent are promoted to the extent that there's co-operation and sharing among them.
Legitimacy in politics, is that the widespread acceptance of a governing regime or law as AN authority. Whereas, authority refers to a selected position in a longtime government, the term legitimacy is employed once describing a system of state itself—where government is also generalized to mean the broader “sphere of influence.” It's thought-about a basic condition for rule: while not a minimum of a nominal quantity of that, a government can result in frequent deadlocks or collapse within the long.
As a result, the interests of assorted social teams are usually delineated within the decision-making method of the govt. the bulk could thus have some management over the govt. However, the govt is rarely by the folks. it's by the elite solely. Above all, Mosca control the read that democracy is that the best style of governance.
Process of Delegitimation: The method of delegitimation refers to a state of affairs once the dominating ideas of a system are subjected to sustained call.
Manipulated Consent: Manipulated consent is ready by preventing ideas arising at the extent of sub-conscious mind. It affects and moulds responsive to the folks so they settle for the present state of affairs.
Personnel of State Machine: The elite could be a comparatively little dominant cluster inside an oversized society, having a privileged standing perceived as being envied by others of a lower line of order.
The elite at the highest of the social strata nearly invariably puts it in a very position of leadership, whether or not it's expected or volunteered and infrequently subjects the holders of elite standing to pressure to keep up that leadership position as a part of standing. However, in spite of the pressures, the existence of the elite social stratum is sometimes unchanged.
In his work, The Politics of the Judiciary, J.A.C.Grifith describes concerning the state elite in kingdom and says in broad terms, four out of five judges are product of the elite. Moralist theories offer highest importance to the character and composition of the state elite. Goop Weber additionally was involved concerning the character of Germany political leadership. However, Marxists provides less importance to the character of the state elite. They emphasize the role of social context and therefore the economic framework.
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