Write a paragraph of availability of water in present and past in India.
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Clean, fresh drinking water is essential to human and all other life forms on the earth. Access to safe drinking water has improved steadily and substantially over the last decades in almost every part of the world. However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability . A study in 2009 suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed by 50% which is suitable to India . The rainfall in India shows very high spatial, sporadic and temporal variability and paradox of the situation is that Mousinram near Cherrapunji, which receives the highest rainfall in the world, also suffers from a shortage of water during the non-rainy season, almost every year .Water QualityThe concerns over India are large and the major problem on people’s health is drinking polluted water due to disposal of untreated sewage into the fresh water ecosystem. Further, rivers like the Ganges, Yamuna and Kaveri, flowing through highly urbanized/populated areas, therefore all of them are severely polluted. Other water related issues in India is: limited access to safe drinking water and sanitation present major health challenges; dwindling groundwater supplies and a growing population create a pressing need for increased efficiency. The availability of adequate quantity of water is the paramount need for the society. The annual average precipitation in India is about 4,000 BCM. From this, with the state of Indian infrastructure in the recent past the available water resource through the rivers is about 1,869 BCM. Accounting to uneven distribution of rain over the country every year, water resources available for utilization, including ground water, is claimed to be about 1,122 BCM. Much of this water is unsafe, because pollution degrades water quality. Water pollution severely limits the amount of water available to the Indian consumer its industry and its agriculture. The Central Water Commission (CWC) from the Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR) in India is responsible for regulating the use of surface water for irrigation, industry and drinking purposes. The Government of India supplements the efforts of the States by providing financial assistance under the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program (ARWSP) and from 1991, TheRajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) to treat water. The Government of India also seeks international organization coordination. Consequently, some organizations such as bilateral agencies of Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Australia, Netherlands, and other multilaterals such as the World Bank, WHO, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Water and sanitation programme-South Asia, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the European Union (EU) involve and contribute towards the goal of safe water issues. Although India’s economy seems to boom at accelerating rate, most of its growing population still has no access to clean water and sanitation. Because of the rapid increase in the populations, consumption of water also increased. The water quality in India is degraded not only due to a natural cause but also due to over withdrawal of water, poor sanitary conditions in rural and urban areas along with increased applications of fertilizers and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Particularly, the quality of surface water resources like rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands and groundwater sources is a point of major debate. The pollution load on rivers and surface water has increased over the recent years due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Furthermore, increasing population, urbanization and growing demand from agriculture as well as industry have brought India’s water resources under pressure. In India, consumption of contaminated water, improper disposal of human excreta, lack of personal/food hygiene and improper disposal of solid/liquid waste have been the major causes of diseases. In addition, the waterborne diseases affect education and result in loss of workdays, estimated at 180 million person days/year. Therefore the annual economic loss is estimated to be 1,120 million of Indian Rupees (INR). Also waterborne diseases put an economic burden on both the household and the nation’s economy. Given the diversity of the country and its people, solutions have to be diverse and region specific. In addition, 10 million people are vulnerable to cancers from excessive arsenic and another more than 65 million people are facing risk of fluorosis, now endemic in 17-20 States.
Hope this much is satisfactory..!
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Here is ur answer..!
Clean, fresh drinking water is essential to human and all other life forms on the earth. Access to safe drinking water has improved steadily and substantially over the last decades in almost every part of the world. However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability . A study in 2009 suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed by 50% which is suitable to India . The rainfall in India shows very high spatial, sporadic and temporal variability and paradox of the situation is that Mousinram near Cherrapunji, which receives the highest rainfall in the world, also suffers from a shortage of water during the non-rainy season, almost every year .Water QualityThe concerns over India are large and the major problem on people’s health is drinking polluted water due to disposal of untreated sewage into the fresh water ecosystem. Further, rivers like the Ganges, Yamuna and Kaveri, flowing through highly urbanized/populated areas, therefore all of them are severely polluted. Other water related issues in India is: limited access to safe drinking water and sanitation present major health challenges; dwindling groundwater supplies and a growing population create a pressing need for increased efficiency. The availability of adequate quantity of water is the paramount need for the society. The annual average precipitation in India is about 4,000 BCM. From this, with the state of Indian infrastructure in the recent past the available water resource through the rivers is about 1,869 BCM. Accounting to uneven distribution of rain over the country every year, water resources available for utilization, including ground water, is claimed to be about 1,122 BCM. Much of this water is unsafe, because pollution degrades water quality. Water pollution severely limits the amount of water available to the Indian consumer its industry and its agriculture. The Central Water Commission (CWC) from the Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR) in India is responsible for regulating the use of surface water for irrigation, industry and drinking purposes. The Government of India supplements the efforts of the States by providing financial assistance under the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program (ARWSP) and from 1991, TheRajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) to treat water. The Government of India also seeks international organization coordination. Consequently, some organizations such as bilateral agencies of Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Australia, Netherlands, and other multilaterals such as the World Bank, WHO, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Water and sanitation programme-South Asia, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the European Union (EU) involve and contribute towards the goal of safe water issues. Although India’s economy seems to boom at accelerating rate, most of its growing population still has no access to clean water and sanitation. Because of the rapid increase in the populations, consumption of water also increased. The water quality in India is degraded not only due to a natural cause but also due to over withdrawal of water, poor sanitary conditions in rural and urban areas along with increased applications of fertilizers and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Particularly, the quality of surface water resources like rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands and groundwater sources is a point of major debate. The pollution load on rivers and surface water has increased over the recent years due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Furthermore, increasing population, urbanization and growing demand from agriculture as well as industry have brought India’s water resources under pressure. In India, consumption of contaminated water, improper disposal of human excreta, lack of personal/food hygiene and improper disposal of solid/liquid waste have been the major causes of diseases. In addition, the waterborne diseases affect education and result in loss of workdays, estimated at 180 million person days/year. Therefore the annual economic loss is estimated to be 1,120 million of Indian Rupees (INR). Also waterborne diseases put an economic burden on both the household and the nation’s economy. Given the diversity of the country and its people, solutions have to be diverse and region specific. In addition, 10 million people are vulnerable to cancers from excessive arsenic and another more than 65 million people are facing risk of fluorosis, now endemic in 17-20 States.
Hope this much is satisfactory..!
#MarkAsBrainliest
❤️❤️❤️™
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