Write a short article on the role of NGOs in supporting the government in the vision of a welfare state
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A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an organization that is not part of a government and was not founded by states. NGOs are therefore typically independent of governments. Although the definition can technically include for-profit corporations, the term is generally restricted to social, cultural, legal, and environmental advocacy groups having goals that are noncommercial, primarily. NGOs are usually non-profit organizations that gain at least a portion of their funding from private sources. Current usage of the term is generally associated with the United Nations and authentic NGOs are those that are so designated by the UN. Because the label “NGO” is considered too broad by some, as it might cover anything that is non-governmental, many NGOs now prefer the term private voluntary organization (PVO).
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a legally constituted organization created by natural or legal persons that operates independently from any government and a term usually used by governments to refer to entities that have no government status. In the cases in which NGOs are funded totally or partially by governments, the NGO maintains its non-governmental status by excluding government representatives from membership in the organization. The term is usually applied only to organizations that pursue some wider social aim that has political aspects, but that are not overtly political organizations such as political parties. Unlike the term “intergovernmental organization”, the term “non-governmental organization” has no generally agreed legal definition. In many jurisdictions, these types of organization are called “civil society organizations” or referred to by other names.
The term non-governmental organization or NGO was not in general currency before the UN was formed. When 132 international NGOs decided to co-operate with each other in 1910, they did so under the label, the Union of International Associations. The League of Nations officially referred to its “liaison with private organizations”, while many of these bodies at that time called themselves international institutes, international unions or simply international organizations. The first draft of the UN Charter did not make any mention of maintaining co-operation with private bodies. A variety of groups, mainly but not solely from the USA, lobbied to rectify this at the San Francisco conference, which established the UN in 1945. Not only did they succeed in introducing a provision for strengthening and formalizing the relations with private organizations previously maintained by the League, they also greatly enhanced the UN’s role in economic and social issues and upgraded the status of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) to a “principal organ” of the UN. To clarify matters, new terminology was introduced to cover ECOSOC’s relationship with two types of international organizations. Under Article 70, “specialized agencies, established by intergovernmental agreement” could “participate without a vote in its deliberations”, while under Article 71 “non-governmental organizations” could have “suitable arrangements for consultation”. Thus, “specialized agencies” and “NGOs” became technical UN jargon. Unlike much UN jargon, the term, NGO, passed into popular usage, particularly from the early 1970s onwards.
Many diverse types of bodies are now described as being NGOs. There is no generally accepted definition of an NGO and the term carries different connotations in different circumstances. Nevertheless, there are some fundamental features. Clearly an NGO must be independent from the direct control of any government. In addition, there are three other generally accepted characteristics that exclude particular types of bodies from consideration. An NGO will not be constituted as a political party; it will be non-profit-making and it will be not be a criminal group, in particular it will be non-violent. These characteristics apply in general usage, because they match the conditions for recognition by the United Nations. The boundaries can sometimes be blurred: some NGOs may in practice be closely identified with a political party; many NGOs generate income from commercial activities, notably consultancy contracts or sales of publications; and a small number of NGOs may be associated with violent political protests. Nevertheless, an NGO is never constituted as a government bureaucracy, a party, a company, a criminal organization or a guerrilla group. Thus, for this article, an NGO is defined as an independent voluntary association of people acting together on a continuous basis, for some common purpose, other than achieving government office, making money or illegal activities. This basic approach will be elaborated and modified below.
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Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
A NGO is an organization consisting of private individuals who believe in certain
basic social principles/ obligations and who structure their activities to bring about
development to communities that they are servicing. “NGOs include groups and
institutions that are entirely or largely independent of Government and that have
primarily humanitarian rather than commercial objectives”
1
. They are non-profit
making, voluntary and service oriented organizations. Working on various issues like
Environment protection, Save the Planet Earth, Disability, Science and Technology,
Health, Agriculture, Animal welfare, Art and Culture, Education. NGOs are known by
different names: Voluntary organizations (VOs), Voluntary Agencies (VAs),
Voluntary Development Organizations (VDOs) and Non Governmental Development
Organizations (NDGO). NGOs vary greatly according to their philosophy, purpose,
programs, approach, orientation, scope of activities, expertise and structures. To a
layman, NGO is a social institute, it is non-governmental and has a purpose of charity.
Following are the different definitions of NGOs to have a better understanding of
NGOs:
The World Bank defines NGOs as “Private organisations that pursue activities to
relieve suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, provide
basic social services, or undertake community development.” In wider usage, the
term, „NGO‟ can be applied to any non-profit organisation which is independent from
government. NGOs are typically value based organisations which depend, in whole or
in part, on donations and voluntary service2
.
The United Nations describes an NGO as: Any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group
which is organized on a local, national or international level. Task-oriented and driven
by people with a common interest, NGOs perform a variety of services and
humanitarian functions, bring citizens‟ concerns to governments, monitor policies and encourage political participation at the community level. They provide analysis and
expertise, serve as early warning mechanisms and help monitor and implement
international agreements