Write a short essay comparing the roles of patricians, plebeians, women, children, and enslaved people in the Roman Republic.
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When Rome established a republic in 509 B.C., two major classes developed. The patricians controlled the government with a Senate, made up of 300 elected officials. The senate chose two consuls to administer the laws of Rome. The only power that plebeians had in the government was with a popular assembly, which approved the choice of consuls. Plebeians could not hold public office or marry into a patrician family. During the time of the Republic to the time of the empire, plebeians, who fought in many ways to help Rome gain power, demanded more rights. The government slowly began to change to appeal to plebeians who out-numbered everyone else in population.Around 494 B.C., an Assembly of Centuries and an Assembly of Tribes replaced the popular assembly. The Assembly of Centuries represented the Roman Army and all the classes that were included in it and they elected the consuls. The Assembly of Tribes was made up of ten elected plebeians and spoke for the plebeians interests, but had little influence on the government. In 445 B.C, plebeians won the right to marry patricians. The Assembly of Tribes gained the right to pass laws and veto any government action that threatened the rights of the plebeians. By about 300 B.C., plebeians had earned the right to hold all major political and religious posts. In 366 B.C., they won the right to consulship. When Rome took over the control of an empire, the discrimination between the classes became indistinct. Julius Caesar was one of the many emperors that tried to bring the rich and poor closer to the poor by limiting the wealthy peoples’ land ownership. During the early republic, the woman of Rome had few legal rights. A male was always responsible for the care and support of the family’s women. The question of women as heirs was irrelevant. Like all plebeians, even women patricians could not vote or hold public office. They were usually married off around the age of 14 to be housewives. Even though women didn’t have many rights, them the poor by limiting the wealthy peoples’ land ownership. During the early republic, the woman of Rome had few legal rights. A male was always responsible for the care and support of the family’s women. The question of women as heirs was irrelevant. Like all plebeians, even women patricians could not vote or hold public office. They were usually married off around the age of 14 to be housewives.