Question

write a short note and invention of aryabhatta

Answer 1

Aryabhata was an acclaimed mathematician-astronomer. He was born in Kusumapura (present day Patna) in Bihar, India. His contribution to mathematics, science and astronomy is immense, and yet he has not been accorded the recognition in the world history of science. At the age of 24, he wrote his famed “Aryabhatiya”. He was aware of the concept of zero, as well as the use of large numbers up to 1018. He was the first to calculate the value for ‘pi’ accurately to the fourth decimal point. He devised the formula for calculating areas of triangles and circles. He calculated the circumference of the earth as 62,832 miles, which is an excellent approximation, and suggested that the apparent rotation of the heavens was due to the axial rotation of the earth on its axis. He was the first known astronomer to devise a continuous counting of solar days, designating each day with a number. He asserted that the planets shine due to the reflection of sunlight, and that the eclipses occur due to the shadows of moon and earth. His observations discount the “flat earth” concept, and lay the foundation for the belief that earth and other planets orbit the sun

Answer 2

Aryabhatta was born in 476CE in Patliputra in Magadha, (modern Patna) in Bihar. He was the great mathematician-astronomer from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. He is the man who invented “0” and helped the world solving its many issues. It is believed that Aryabhatta was born in region between Narmada and Godavri of central India. But exactly nothing is known about his birth place.

Education
According to some researches and studies it was found that at some point of time, Aryabhatta went to Kusumapura for advanced studies and lived there. He studied both Hindu as well as Buddhist tradition there. It is believed that Aryabhatta might have been the head of the Nalanda University, as it had an astronomical observatory at the time. Aryabhatta set up an observatory at the Sun temple in Taregana, Bihar.

Career
Aryabhatta’s major work is comprises of Mathematics and Astronomy. Most of the Aryabhatta’s work can be known from Aryabhatiya. His work in mathematics and astronomy is extensively referred in Indian mathematic literature and able to be part of modern mathematics also. If we see the mathematical section of Aryabhatiya , we will see his work in arithmetic, algebra, plane trigonometry and spherical trigonometry. Along with these major sections of mathematics it also contains the work done by him in continued fraction, quadratic equations, sums-of-power series and sine tables.

The Aryabhatiya also contains description of various astronomy instruments invented by Aryabhatta like the gnomon (shanku-yantra), a shadow instrument (chhaya-yantra), possibly angle-measuring devices, semicircular and circular (dhanur-yantra / chakra-yantra), a cylindrical stick yasti-yantra, an umbrella-shaped device called the chhatra-yantra, and water clocks of at least two types, bow-shaped and cylindrical. He also described the Motion of Solar System, details of Eclipses, Sidereal Rotation periods and Heliocentrism.
It is also believed that some of the Aryabhatta’s work of that time is lost.

At the End
Aryabhatta passed away in 550 CE. He was 74 years at the time. But exact locations of his last period of life and whereabouts are still unknown to the world.