write a short note on digestion in human beings
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The digestive system is the part of the body that digest food; it is also called the alimentary canal It breaks down food into simple chemical substances that can be absorbed into the blood stream. ... The gastrointestinal system starts at the mouth and ends at the anusTAKE NOTE THAT DIGESTION ENDS AT THE SMALL INTESTINE .
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In small intestine complete digestion of various components of food take place .
The process of digestion of food in mouth ,stomach and small intestine in human body are as follow :
Mouth :- Digestion of food begins in the mouth. Saliva present in mouth contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase which breaks down starch into sugar .
Stomach:- Stomach stores and mix the food received from the oesophagus with gastric juices. The main components of gastric juice are hydrochloric acid, mucus and pepsinogen .
Hydrochloric acid dissolves bits of food and creates an acidic medium .
In this medium pepsinogen is converted to pepsin which is a protein digesting enzyme .
Mucus protect the inner lining of the stomach from the action of HCL .
Small intestine :- Small intestine is the site of complete digestion of carbohydrates ,proteins and fats .Small intestine produces intestinal juice from the glands present in its wall .
The intestinal juice helps in the digestion of food .small intestine also obtained digestive juice from liver and pancreas that helps in mixing of food .
The liver produce bile juice that cause emulsification of fats and the pancreas produce pancreatic juice for digesting protein and emulsified fats. This digestive food is finally absorbed through the intestinal wall .