Question

write a short note on national liberation movement in colonies

Answer 1

At the turn of the 20th century, China was ruled by emperors of Manchu dynasty. The Manchu empire was over thrown and a republic established in 1911 under the leadership of Sun-Yat-Sen. But the country come under the control of regional military powers called “War lords”.After the Republican revolution the China entered a period of turmoil. The Guomindang (KMT or Kuomintang of China) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) emerged as major forces striving to units the country and bring stability. The Guomindang failed because of its narrow social base and limited political vision. CCP leader Mao Zedong took a different path by basing his revolutionary programme on the peasantry.The People’s Republic of China Government was established in 1949. The CCP rule gradually became a single party rule in which the supreme leaders or Chairman become all powerful.In mid 19th century, Vietnam came under the direct rule of the French. During the French rule, in Vietnam land lordship dominated agriculture economy and peasants.Ho chi Minh brought together competing nationalist groups to establish the Vietnamese Communist Party. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam was formed and Ho Chi Minh become chairman, when the Vietminh came to power in August 1945, with the help of the Ho Chi Minh government in the north and the NLF fought for the unification of 

Answer 2

1. In most of the colonies,different kind of people lived and were divided by the language they spoke.As a result the idea of national unity did not arised in them.

2. The traditional rulers of these countries took advantage of this fact and mercilessly ruled their states for centuries.

3. However, over a period of time, new ideas like nationalism,democracy and socialism emerged and inspired the local residents over a period of time, to fight for their Independence.

4. This development is called national liberation movements of the colonies.