write a short note on rutherford model
Answers
In many ways, the Rutherford model of the atom is the classic model of the atom, even though it's no longer considered an accurate representation. Rutherford's model shows that an atom is mostly empty space, with electrons orbiting a fixed, positively charged nucleus in set, predictable paths.
This model of an atom was developed by Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand native working at the University of Manchester in England in the early 1900s. Rutherford spent most of his academic career researching aspects of radioactivity and, in 1908, won the Nobel Prize for his discoveries related to radioactivity. It was after this that Rutherford began developing his model of the atom.
The atom was first conceived of by the Greek philosopher Democritus in approximately 400 BCE. The concept was lost during the Dark Ages of Europe until 1803, when the British scientist John Dalton speculated that everything was composed of very tiny indivisible particles called atoms.
Dalton's simple model of an atom persisted until 1897, when another British physicist, J.J. Thomson, discovered that atoms contained tiny negatively charged particles called electrons. From 1897 to 1909, scientists thought that atoms were composed of electrons spread uniformly throughout a positively charged matrix. J.J. Thomson's model was known as the plum pudding model.
Dalton's model of the atom depicted a tiny, solid, indivisible sphere. Thomson's plum pudding model shows electrons (the green circles) distributed in a positively charged matrix.