write a short note on the chapter fundamentals of computer it is of 50 point so pl pl pl
Nooooooooooooooooooooooo fake answers
I want only 8 or 10 points pl
Answers
Answer:
Computer: A computer is a truly amazing machine that performs a specified sequence of operations as per the set of instructions (known as programs) given on a set of data (input) to generate desired information (output).
A complete computer system consists of four parts:
Hardware: Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of the computer.
Software: Software is a set of electronic instructions consisting of complex codes (Programs) that make the computer perform tasks.
User: The computer operators are known as users.
Data: Consists of raw facts, which the computer stores and reads in the form of numbers.
generations
The following features characterize this electronic machine:
Speed
Accuracy
Storage and Retrieval
Repeated Processing Capabilities
Reliability
Flexibility
Low cost
These three steps constitute the data processing cycle.
Input -Input data is prepared in some convenient form for processing. The form will depend on the processing machine. For example, when electronic computers are used, the input data could be recorded on any one of several types of input medium, such as magnetic disks, tapes and so on.
Processing - In this step input data is changed to produce data in a more useful form. For example, paychecks may be calculated from the time cards, or a summary of sales for the month may be calculated from the sales orders.
Output - The result of the proceeding processing step are collected. The particular form of the output data depends on the use of the data. For example, output data may be pay-checks for employees.
CPU
Fig: The relationship between different hardware components
Language Processors:
Assembler: This language processor converts the program written in assembly language into machine language.
Interpreter: This language processor converts High-Level Language program into machine language by converting and executing it line by line.
Compiler:-It also converts the HLL program into machine language but the conversion manner is different. It converts the entire HLL program in one go and reports all the errors of the program along with the line numbers.
Software
Software represents the set of programs that govern the operation of a computer system and make the hardware run.
software_2
This type of software is tailor-made software according to a user’s requirements.
Analog computers
Analog computers always take input in form of signals.
The input data is not a number infect a physical quantity like temp., pressure, speed, velocity.
Signals are continuous of (0 to 10 V).
Accuracy 1% Approximately.
Example: Speedometer.
Digital Computers
These computers take the input in the form of digits & alphabets & converted it into binary format.
Digital computers are high speed, programmable electronic devices.
Signals are two level of (0 for low/off 1 for high/on).
Accuracy unlimited.
Examples: Computer used for the purpose of business and education is also an example of digital computers.
Hybrid Computer
The combination of features of an analog and digital computer is called a Hybrid computer.
The main examples are central national defence and passenger flight radar system.
They are also used to control robots.
Super Computer
The biggest in size.
Most Expensive
It can process trillions of instructions in seconds.
This computer is not used as a PC in a home neither by a student in a college.
Used by Govt. for different calculations and heavy jobs.
Supercomputers are used for the heavy stuff like weather maps, construction of atom bombs, earthquake prediction etc.
I think its enough......
Explanation:
A COMPUTER SYSTEM CONSISTS OF . FOUR PARTS :
HARDWARE : REPRESENTS PHYSICAL . AND TANGIBLE COMPONENTS OF COMPUTERS.
SOFTWARE : CONSISTING COMPLETE . CODES AND SET OF ELECTRONIC INSTRUCTIONS
USER : COMPUTER OPERATORS ARE CALLED USER.
DATA : CONSISTS RAW FACTS WHICH. COMPUTER READS IN THE FORM OF NUMBERS.
FEATURES CHARACTERISTICZE THE . . ELECTRONIC MACHINE
1. SPEED
2. ACCURACY
3. FLEXIBILITY
4.STORAGE
5.LOW COST
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