Question

write a short note on urbanisation of india

Answer 1

Explanation:

Urbanization in India began to accelerate after independence, due to the country's adoption of a mixed economy, which gave rise to the development of the private sector. The population residing in urban areas in India, according to the 1901 census, was 11.4%,[1] increasing to 28.53% by the 2001 census, and is now currently 34% in 2017 according to The World Bank.[2] According to a survey by UN, in 2030 40.76% of country's population is expected to reside in urban areas.[3] As per World Bank, India, along with China, Indonesia, Nigeria, and the United States, will lead the world's urban population surge by 2050.[4]

Mumbai saw large-scale rural-urban migration in the 20th century.[see main] Mumbai, in 2018, accommodates 22.1 million people, and is the largest metropolis by population in India, followed by Delhi with 28 million inhabitants. Delhi witnessed the fastest rate of urbanisation in the world, with a 4.1% rise in population as per the 2011 census.

Answer 2

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Urbanization is not a side effect of economic growth; it is an integral part of the process. As in most countries, India's urban areas make a major contribution to the country's economy. Indian cities contribute to about 2/3 of the economic output, host a growing share of the population and are the main recipients of FDI and the originators of innovation and technology and over the next two decades are projected to have an increase of population from 282 million to 590 million people. India's towns and cities have expanded rapidly as increasing numbers migrate to towns and cities in search of economic opportunity.

Urban Challenges :-

The built environment: the supply of both land and infrastructure is falling behind demand.

• Out of date and static master plans immobilize the supply of serviced land and buildable space, blocking efficient and productive development. While important laws have been revoked to remove land restrictions and rent controls, many of the legal instruments to operationalize those reforms are still lacking;

• Inappropriate FSI, zoning and development control regulations inhibit development and trunk infrastructure;

• Fractured planning structures are incapable of integrated planning for land use, infrastructure planning, and finance across metropolitan areas.

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