write about calcification of industries
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Answer:
Instustries can be classified in a variety of ways. At the top level, industry is often classified according to the three sector theory into sectors: primary, Secondary and tertiary.
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What is calcification?
Calcification happens when calcium builds up in body tissue, blood vessels, or organs. This buildup can harden and disrupt your body’s normal processes. Calcium is transported through the bloodstream. It’s also found in every cell. As a result, calcification can occur in almost any part of the body.
According to the National Academy of MedicineTrusted Source (formerly the Institute of Medicine), about 99 percent of your body’s calcium is in your teeth and bones. The other 1 percent is in the blood, muscles, fluid outside the cells, and other body tissues.
Some disorders cause calcium to deposit in places where it doesn’t typically belong. Over time, this can add up and cause problems. You may need treatment to prevent complications if you have this extra calcium buildup.
Types of calcification.
Calcifications can form in many places throughout your body, including:
small and large arteries
heart valves
brain, where it’s known as cranial calcification
joints and tendons, such as knee joints and rotator cuff tendons
soft tissues like breasts, muscles, and fat
kidney, bladder, and gallbladder
Some calcium buildup is harmless. These deposits are believed to be the body’s response to inflammation, injury, or certain biological processes. However, some calcifications can disrupt organ function and affect blood vessels.
According to the Division of Cardiology at UCLA School of Medicine, most adults older than 60 have calcium deposits in their blood vessels.
Causes of calcification
Many factors play a role in calcification.
These include:
infections
calcium metabolism disorders that cause hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood)
genetic or autoimmune disorders affecting the skeletal system and connective tissues
persistent inflammation
According to Harvard University, a common misconception is that calcifications are caused by a calcium-rich diet. However, researchers haven’t found a link between dietary calcium and a higher risk for calcium deposits.
This is also true for kidney stones. Most kidney stones are made of calcium oxalate. People who get calcium oxalate stones release more calcium in their urine than those who don’t. This disparity happens no matter how much calcium people have in their diets.
Diagnosing calcification
Calcifications are usually found via X-rays. X-ray tests use electromagnetic radiation to take pictures of your internal organs and usually cause no discomfort. Your doctor will likely detect any calcification issues right away with X-rays.
Your doctor may also order blood tests. For example, if you have kidney stones, these tests can determine your overall kidney function.
Sometimes calcium deposits are found in areas of cancer. A calcification is usually tested to rule out cancer as a cause. Your doctor will order a biopsy (often through a fine needle) to collect a tissue sample. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for testing. If there aren’t any cancer cells detected, your doctor will label the calcification as benign.
Breast calcifications
Breast calcifications occur when calcium builds up within the soft tissue of the breast. There are two main types of breast calcifications: macrocalcifications (large calcium buildups) and microcalcifications (small calcium buildups).
According to the National Cancer InstituteTrusted Source, macrocalcifications in the breasts are most common in women over 50 years old. Men can get breast calcifications too, but it’s not as common.
Breast calcifications happen for a number of reasons. Breast injuries, cell secretions, infections, and inflammation can all cause breast calcifications. You might also get calcifications if you’ve had breast cancer or radiation therapy for cancer.
Most breast calcifications aren’t cancerous. This is especially true for macrocalcifications.
Microcalcifications are often not cancerous either, but some microcalcification patterns may be signs of early breast cancer.
Breast calcifications are too small to be found during a regular breast exam. Your doctor usually spots these deposits during a mammogram of your breast tissue. Your doctor may ask you to schedule a follow-up appointment if any calcifications need to be checked again.
Your doctor may also take a biopsy for testing of calcifications that might be suspicious looking. And your doctor may suggest minor surgery to remove calcifications in order to look at them more closely.
Getting regular mammograms at an appropriate age can help track breast calcifications if they’re present. The earlier that breast changes of concern are discovered, the more likely you are to have a positive outcome.