Question

write about the Air Pollution

Answer 1

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Effect of air pollution :

Respiratory surfaces of living beings are constantly interacting with air. Any unfavourable alteration in air quality, affects the respiratory system. Severity of damage depends on concentration of pollutant, duration of exposure and the organism. Even in case of plants, air pollution results in poor yield of crops and premature death of plants. Nowadays automobiles are omnipresent. They are major cause for atmospheric (air) pollution.Regular maintenance of vehicles and use of lead-free petrol or diesel can reduce pollutant from exhausts.

Types of air pollutants :

Air pollutants are of two types – particulate pollutants and gaseous pollutants.Particulate air pollutants may be solid or liquids. Particles with diameter 10 µm may settle in the soil but particles with 1 µm or less remain suspended in the air. According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), particulate matter of size 2.5µm or less in diameter (PM2.5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to humans.

These fine particulates can be inhaled deep into the lungs and are responsible for irritation, inflammation and damage to lungs. In addition to this, it causes breathing and respiratory disorders and premature deaths.Smoke, smog, pesticides, heavy metals, dust and radioactive elements are the examples of particulate pollutants.

Gaseous pollutants include CO2, CO, SO2, NO, NO2 etc.

Carbon di-oxide is a greenhouse gas. In the past, levels of CO2 in the atmosphere remained low. Due to burning of fossil fuels, as well as increasing deforestation the levels of CO2 are rising at alarming rate. Photosynthesis process balances CO2 : O2 ratio of the air to a great extent. CO2 is also removed from the air by weathering of silicate rocks forming limestone. A jet plane in a single trip across the Atlantic uses 35 tonnes of oxygen and releases 70 tonnes of CO2. We are going to discuss the role of CO2 in global warming

Carbon monoxide (CO) :

It is a poisonous gas produced by incomplete combustion of fuel such as coal or wood. Vehicular exhausts are the largest source of CO.

Answer 2

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