Question

Write an article for a newspaper on the topic "Fighting Terrorism: Need for Public initiative". 

Answer 1

It’s not difficult to set off a bomb blast in Mumbai, or for that matter in any Indian city. It doesn’t require the person to be highly trained, it just requires the person to be motivated enough to want to do it. It doesn’t even need foreign terrorists to use inflatable rafts to land on isolated beaches, or trek across high Himalayan terrain. It just needs local individuals with greed, grievance, or sheer malice to be persuaded to use locally available material — with some help from those who know who to rig up explosives — to plant a bomb or three.

If our cities don’t suffer terrorist attacks more regularly, it is, to some extent, because our much-maligned police forces manage to foil some conspiracies. The main reason might well be that not too many people want to commit terrorist attacks. If they did, we would see terrorist attacks become as common as other acts of serious crime.

Tackling terrorism, therefore, requires us to ensure that terrorism doesn’t become more attractive. The greedy and the malicious can be deterred by raising their costs: if would-be terrorists are exposed, caught and punished, such people might not want to take the risk. Those with grievances can be harder to deter, so we need to ensure that we address them and don’t create new ones. It is impossible to completely erase grievances, but we can manage them. One way to do this is to strengthen social capital. It’s hard to do this in Mumbai, a city given to outpourings of selfless public-spiritedne

Answer 2

Fighting Terrorism with Force

The Conflict

The "standard" anti-terror response, honed during the era of aircraft hijacking, and hostage taking, was to calm the situation and negotiate for hostage releases or to use commando forces to raid terrorists holed up in aircraft, buildings, or outposts. This had questionable relevance, however, to the new terrorist strategies of the 1990s, in which anonymous acts of violence were staged without efforts to negotiate grievances or offer hostage releases. Military remedies in fighting terrorism are problematic for a number of reasons, including definitional and legal uncertainties about what one is fighting against, as well as tactical problems.

Political

There is no standard definition of terrorism. The United Nations, however, has upheld notions that targeting civilians with indiscriminate violence are unacceptable and that terrorists should be apprehended, extradited, or prosecuted.

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It is difficult to gather consensus on conditions under which certain types of actions should be taken, as developing countries have generally objected to language that outlaws or condemns legitimate popular struggles.

Technological

New technologies have afforded greater potential killing power to both authorities and terrorists alike.

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Terrorists can now operate on a more global scale, using modern technology, including the media, the Internet, and cell phones, as well as transcontinental travel.

Military

Combating terrorism requires the cooperation or acquiescence of states and individuals actually supporting or harboring terrorist groups.Due to the difficulties in defining terrorism, it is inherently difficult to build and maintain an anti-terrorism coalition among cooperating states especially when relying on military force to target "terrorists."

In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, commercial airliner attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon near Washington, DC, which killed more than three thousand people, the U.S. government articulated plans for a global "war on terrorism." Immediately blaming the al-Qaeda network sponsored by the notorious Osama bin Laden and purportedly based in Afghanistan, President George W. Bush (2001-) indicated that such a war would be neither brief nor easy, and would entail military, diplomatic, intelligence, and economic components. The immediate visible preparations were in the military sphere, along with beefed up domestic security measures ranging from interrogations and deportation of certain illegal aliens and other suspected groups. These groups were comprised almost exclusively with Muslim and Arab men. Other preparations involved heightened airport security and controversial new Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) surveillance authority.