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J.C. Bose, centre, with his students Meghnad Saha, J.C. Ghosh (both sitting), S. Dutta, S.N. Bose, D.M. Bose, N.R. Sen, J.N. Mukherjee and N.C. Nag.
JAGADISH CHANDRA BOSE (1858-1937) was a rare polymath who was equally at home in physics, biology, botany, archaeology and literature. Born in what is now Bangladesh, he graduated in science from St. Xaviers College, Calcutta (now Kolkata), and later obtained an honours in Physics from Cambridge University, in 1884. He was appointed a Professor of Physics in Presidency College, Calcutta, in 1885, where he conducted experiments in various areas in physics and botany. To begin with, he invented a wireless telegraphy equipment in 1894 and demonstrated it at the Town Hall in Calcutta. So, in a way, he invented the radio contemporaneously with Marconi of Italy. But J.C. Bose never got international recognition for it owing to his failure to patent it in time.
Bose presented a very important paper at the International Congress of Physics held in Paris in 1900, titled "On the Similarity of Responses in Inorganic and Living Matter". To prove his point he had devised instruments such as the crescograph to measure the rate of growth of a plant and the death recorder to record the exact moment of death of a plant.