Write an essay in which you discuss the advantages and disavantages of service delivery protests by communities in south Africa
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The proliferation of service delivery protests in South Africa, as regularly seen in the media, makes it necessary to explore the underlying relationship between the level of services delivered by local municipalities and the number of protests in the country. Can the relationship be used by policy-makers to minimise the number of protests? This paper is exploratory given data challenges, and uses principal component regression to assess the relationship between protests and available service delivery data at local municipality level. The paper finds that, to minimise the number of protests, local municipalities need to further increase the provision of basic services (e.g. housing, electricity, sewerage and sanitation, refuse removal, the number of schools, nurseries, crèches and hospitals) particularly in high population density areas. With regard to water services, focus should be placed more on actual water supply to communities rather than on the number of water accounts registered with municipalities. The increase in service delivery protests in South African local municipalities, as regularly seen in the media, makes it necessary for policy-makers to know the underlying behaviour between basic services and protests. The paper looks at protests throughout South Africa’s 234 local municipalities. It isolates only those protests that were attributed to service delivery. The paper then contrast the number of identified protests with what local authorities have delivered on housing, water, electricity, sewerage, sanitation and refuse removal. Despite some challenges with available statistics, the paper establishes that protests generally occur in crowded local municipalities (mostly metropolitan municipalities) and in municipalities that experience decreases in the provision of basic services. To resolve most service delivery protests, the findings suggest more resources be channelled toward crowded areas with signs of decreases in the provision of basic services.
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