Question

write an essay on hydrosphere?

Answer 1

l

Essay on the Hydrosphere

Essay Contents:

Essay on the Introduction of Hydrosphere

Essay on the Hydrological Cycle


Essay on Ocean Currents

Essay # 1. Introduction of Hydrosphere:

The hydrosphere is the liquid water component of the Earth. It includes the oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, rivers and streams. The hydrosphere covers about 70% of the surface of the Earth and is the home for many plants and animals.


The hydrosphere, like the atmosphere, is always in motion. The motion of rivers and streams can be easily seen, while the motion of the water within lakes and ponds is less obvious. Some of the motion of the oceans and seas can be easily seen while the large scale motions that move water great distances such as between the tropics and poles or between continents are more difficult to see.



Essay # 2. Hydrological Cycle:

Water is a cyclic resource. It can be used and re­used. Water also undergoes a cycle from the ocean to land and land to ocean. The hydrological cycle describes the movement of water on, in, and above the earth. About 71 per cent of the planetary water is found in the oceans. The remaining is held as freshwater in glaciers and icecaps, groundwater sources, lakes, soil moisture, atmosphere, streams and within life.


Essay # 3. Ocean Floor:

The geographers have divided the oceanic part of the earth into four oceans, namely the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic. The various seas, bays, gulfs and other inlets are parts of these four large oceans. A major portion of the ocean floor is found between 3-6 km below the sea level.

i. Mid-Oceanic Ridges:

A mid-oceanic ridge is composed of two chains of mountains separated by a large depression. Iceland, a part of the mid-Atlantic Ridge, is an example.

ii. Seamount:

It is a mountain with pointed summits, rising from the seafloor that does not reach the surface of the ocean. Seamounts are volcanic in origin. The Emperor seamount, an extension of the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean, is a good example.

iii. Submarine Canyons:

These are deep valleys, some comparable to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado river. They are sometimes found cutting across the continental shelves and slopes, often extending from the mouths of large rivers. The Hudson Canyon is the best known canyon in the world.


v. Atoll:

These are low islands found in the tropical oceans consisting of coral reefs surrounding a central depression.

Divisions of the Ocean Floors:



(i) The Continental Shelf;

(ii) The Continental Slope;

(iii) The Deep Sea Plain;

(iv) The Oceanic Deeps.

(i) Continental Shelf:

The continental shelf is the extended margin of each continent occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs. It is the shallowest part of the ocean showing an average gradient of 1° or even less. The shelf typically ends at a very steep slope, called the shelf break.


(iii) Deep Sea Plain:

Deep sea plains are gently sloping areas of the ocean basins. These are the flattest and smoothest regions of the world. These plains are covered with fine-grained sediments like clay and silt.



iii. Prevailing Wind:

The winds blowing from the land towards the oceans drive warm surface water away from the coast resulting in the upwelling of cold water from below. It results into the longitudinal variation in the temperature. Contrary to this, the onshore winds pile up warm water near the coast and this raises the temperature.

iv. Ocean Currents:

Warm ocean currents raise the temperature in cold areas while the cold currents decrease the temperature in warm ocean areas. Gulf stream (warm current) raises the temperature near the eastern coast of North America and the West Coast of Europe while the Labrador current (cold current) lowers the temperature near the north-east coast of North America. The enclosed seas in the low latitudes record relatively higher temperature than the open seas; whereas the enclosed seas in the high latitudes have lower temperature than the open seas.

i. Waves:

Waves are actually the energy, not the water as such, which moves across the ocean surface. Water particles only travel in a small circle as a wave passes. Wind provides energy to the waves. Wind causes waves to travel in the ocean and the energy is released on shorelines. As a wave approaches the beach, it slows down.


Importance of Tides:

Since tides are caused by the earth-moon-sun positions which are known accurately, the tides can be predicted well in advance. This helps the navigators and fishermen plan their activities. Tidal heights are very important, especially harbours near rivers and within estuaries having shallow ‘bars’ at the entrance, which prevent ships and boats from entering into the harbour. Tides are also helpful in de-silting the sediments and in removing polluted water from river estuaries.




please mark as brainliest

Answer 2

Answer:hydrosphere is the water on our earth

Explanation:The earth is called the blue planet.more than 71 percent of the earth is covered with water and 29 per cent is with land. Hydrosphere consist of water in all its forms.As running water in oceans and rivers and in lakes ,ice in glaciers,underground water and the water vapour in atmosphere,all comprise the hydrosphere.

More than 97% of the earth water is found in the oceans and its too salty for human use. A large portion of the rest of the water is in the form of ice sheets and glaciers or under the ground and a very small percentage is available as fresh water for human use. Hence despite being a blue planet we face a storage of water!!