write an essay on tissue processing. use points
a. Definition.
b. Type.
c. Stages.
d. Necessity.
Answers
I am not getting you soory.
Answer:
Introduction
“Tissue processing” describes the steps required to take animal or human tissue from fixation to the state where it is completely infiltrated with a suitable histological wax and can be embedded ready for section cutting on the microtome.
Tissue processing can be performed manually (hand processing), but where multiple specimens must be dealt with it is more convenient and much more efficient to use an automated tissue processing machine (a “tissue processor”). These devices have been available since the 1940’s1 and have slowly evolved to be safer in use, handle larger specimen numbers, process more quickly and to produce better quality outcomes. There are two main types of processors, the tissue-transfer (or “dip and dunk”) machines where specimens are transferred from container to container to be processed, or the fluid-transfer (or “enclosed”) types where specimens are held in a single process chamber or retort and fluids are pumped in and out as required. Most modern fluid-transfer processors employ raised temperatures, effective fluid circulation and incorporate vacuum/pressure cycles to enhance processing and reduce processing times.
Modern enclosed tissue processor
Modern enclosed tissue processor
"Dip and dunk" processors are still a good option for smaller labs.
Patients rely on quality tissue processing
Image of doctor and patient illustrating how patients rely on quality tissue processing
The importance of tissue processing
Most laboratory supervisors would emphasise to their staff the importance of tissue processing. It is worthwhile to stress that use of an inappropriate processing schedule or the making of a fundamental mistake (perhaps in replenishing or sequencing of processing reagents) can result in the production of tissue specimens that cannot be sectioned and therefore will not provide any useful microscopic information. This can be disastrous if you are dealing with diagnostic human tissue where the whole of the specimen has been processed (“all in”). There is no spare tissue. There is no diagnosis. There is however a patient to whom an explanation has to be provided.
Although mechanical or electrical faults occasionally occur in tissue processors, processing mishaps where tissues are actually compromised, mainly occur because of human error. It is important to emphasise the value of proper education and training for those carrying out tissue processing and the need to apply particular care when setting up a processor for any processing run.