Write any one function of lysosomes
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lysosomes destroy any foreign material which enter the cell such as bacteria n virus ,thus protects the cell from infection.
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1. Intracellular digestion:
The word lysosome is derived from (lyso lytic or digestive; and soma body) thus helping in digestion.
Pinocytic vacuoles formed as a result of absorption of fluid substance into cell or phagocytic vacuoles formed by absorption of solid particles into cell, carry protein material to lysosomal region.Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are active mechanisms in which cell requires energy for their operation. During phagocytosis by leucocytes oxygen consumption, glucose uptake and glycogen breakdown all increase significantly.ADVERTISEMENTS:
In endocytosis contraction of microfilaments of actin and myosin present in the peripheral cytoplasm occurs. It causes plasma membrane to invaginate and form the endocytic vacuole. Ingested particles enclosed in membranes derived from the plasma membrane and forming vacuoles are sometimes celled phagosomes.
After the entrance of a particle or large body into the cell by endocytosis and the formation of a phagosome, the membranes of the phagosome and a lysosome may fuse to form a single large vacuole. Within this vacuole the lysosomal enzymes begin the process of digestion of the foreign material.
Initially the lysosome, known as a primary lysosome containing the complex of enzymes in an inactive state, but after fusion with the phagosome produces a secondary lysosome with a different morphology and active enzymes.
After enzymatic digestion the digested material diffuses out into the hyaloplasm of the cell. Some material may remain in the enlarged lysosome vacuole. This remnant vacuole is the residual body, since it contains the residue of digestive process. During starvation also, lysosomes digest stored food materials, i.e., proteins, lipids and glycogen of cytoplasm and provide energy required by the cell.
Digestion of proteins usually ends at the level of dipeptide, which can pass through the membrane and be further digested into amino acids.Carbohydrates are usually hydrolysed to monosaccharides which are easily released. However, disaccharides and polysaccharides (cellobiose, inulin or dextrin) are not digested and remain within the lysosome.
Sucrose may be taken into macrophages by pinocytosis, but it is not hydrolyzed and remains trapped in secondary lysosomes.
The word lysosome is derived from (lyso lytic or digestive; and soma body) thus helping in digestion.
Pinocytic vacuoles formed as a result of absorption of fluid substance into cell or phagocytic vacuoles formed by absorption of solid particles into cell, carry protein material to lysosomal region.Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are active mechanisms in which cell requires energy for their operation. During phagocytosis by leucocytes oxygen consumption, glucose uptake and glycogen breakdown all increase significantly.ADVERTISEMENTS:
In endocytosis contraction of microfilaments of actin and myosin present in the peripheral cytoplasm occurs. It causes plasma membrane to invaginate and form the endocytic vacuole. Ingested particles enclosed in membranes derived from the plasma membrane and forming vacuoles are sometimes celled phagosomes.
After the entrance of a particle or large body into the cell by endocytosis and the formation of a phagosome, the membranes of the phagosome and a lysosome may fuse to form a single large vacuole. Within this vacuole the lysosomal enzymes begin the process of digestion of the foreign material.
Initially the lysosome, known as a primary lysosome containing the complex of enzymes in an inactive state, but after fusion with the phagosome produces a secondary lysosome with a different morphology and active enzymes.
After enzymatic digestion the digested material diffuses out into the hyaloplasm of the cell. Some material may remain in the enlarged lysosome vacuole. This remnant vacuole is the residual body, since it contains the residue of digestive process. During starvation also, lysosomes digest stored food materials, i.e., proteins, lipids and glycogen of cytoplasm and provide energy required by the cell.
Digestion of proteins usually ends at the level of dipeptide, which can pass through the membrane and be further digested into amino acids.Carbohydrates are usually hydrolysed to monosaccharides which are easily released. However, disaccharides and polysaccharides (cellobiose, inulin or dextrin) are not digested and remain within the lysosome.
Sucrose may be taken into macrophages by pinocytosis, but it is not hydrolyzed and remains trapped in secondary lysosomes.
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