Write brief notes on: Markonikov Rule and peroxide effect in chemistry class Mobile no 9568448587
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In organic chemistry, Markovnikov's rule or Markownikoff's rule describes the outcome of some addition reactions. The rule was formulated by Russian chemist Vladimir Markovnikov in 1865.
Peroxide effect: The change in regioselectivity of the addition of HBr to an alkene or alkyne in the presence of a peroxide. The regioselectivity for the addition reactions of other electrophiles such as HCl and H3O+ are not altered in the presence of a peroxide.
In the absence of a peroxide, HBr adds to propene via an ionic mechanism (with a carbocation intermediate) to give 2-bromopropane. Markovnikov's Rule is obeyed.
In the presence of a peroxide such as HOOH, HBr adds to propene in an anti-Markovnikov sense and via a radical mechanism, giving 1-bromopropane.
Peroxide effect: The change in regioselectivity of the addition of HBr to an alkene or alkyne in the presence of a peroxide. The regioselectivity for the addition reactions of other electrophiles such as HCl and H3O+ are not altered in the presence of a peroxide.
In the absence of a peroxide, HBr adds to propene via an ionic mechanism (with a carbocation intermediate) to give 2-bromopropane. Markovnikov's Rule is obeyed.
In the presence of a peroxide such as HOOH, HBr adds to propene in an anti-Markovnikov sense and via a radical mechanism, giving 1-bromopropane.
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