Question

Write brifely the significance of mitosis and meiosis in multicellular organisms?

Answer 1

the significance of mitosis is that it usually results in the production of daughter cells with identical genetic complement , the growth of multicellular organism is due to mitosis and it helps in repairing of cell...

the significance of meiosis is that it maintains the chromosome number of each species and also increases genetic variability and hence helps in evolution ....

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Answer 2

Answer:

Significance of mitosis :

• Growth or increase in the body size due to formation of new cells in the tissues.

• Repair of damaged and wounded tissues by renewal of the lost cells.

• Replacement of the old and dead cells such as the replacement of the blood cells and epidermal cells of the skin.

• Asexual reproduction in which the unicellular organisms, such as amoeba or the yeast cells, divide into two.

• Maintains the same chromosome number in daughter cells.

Significance of meiosis:

• Chromosome number is halved in gametes (sex cells), so that on fertilization, the normal number (2n) is restored.

• It provides for mixing up of genes which occurs in two ways :

      (i) The maternal and paternal chromosomes get mixed up during the first (reduction) division as they separate from the homologous pairs.

     (ii) While the maternal and paternal chromosomes are separating, the chromatid material very often gets exchanged between the two members of a homologous pair. This is known as crossing over which results in genetic recombination.