write down 10 points for each
(Topics given below)
4. The slave Dynasty
2. The Khilji Sultans
3. The Tughlaq sultan
4. The Syed Dynasty
5. The Lodhi dynasty
Answers
Answer:
The Slave Dynasty :
Mamluk dynasty (Delhi) (also called Slave dynasty or Gulham dynasty) was a dynasty established in Northern India by Qutb ud-Din Aibak. He was a turkic slave of Muhammad of Ghor. The Mamluk dynasty ruled North India from 1206 to 1290. It was the first of five dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate, which lasted until 1526. Slave dynasty, (1206–90), line of sultans at Delhi, India, that lasted for nearly a century. Their family name was Muiʿzzī. The Slave dynasty was founded by Quṭb al-Dīn Aibak, a favourite slave of the Muslim general and later sultan Muḥammad of Ghūr. He founded the Mamluk dynasty and made Delhi his capital. The word 'Mamluk' means 'owned' in the Arabic language. Since the Sultans of this dynasty were earlier slaves or were the sons of former slaves, the Mamluk dynasty came to be known as the slave dynasty.
The Khilji Sultans :
Khaljī dynasty, also spelled Khiljī, (1290–1320), the second ruling family of the Muslim sultanate of Delhi. The dynasty, like the previous Slave dynasty, was of Turkish origin, though the Khaljī tribe had long been settled in Afghanistan. Its three kings were noted for their faithlessness, their ferocity, and their penetration of the Hindu south. The first Khaljī sultan, Jalāl al-Dīn Fīrūz Khaljī, was established by a noble faction on the collapse of the last feeble Slave king, Kay-Qubādh. Jalāl al-Dīn was already elderly, and for a time he was so unpopular—because his tribe was thought to be Afghan—that he dared not enter the capital. His nephew Jūnā Khan led an expedition into the Hindu Deccan region (peninsular India), captured Ellichpur and its treasure, and returned to murder his uncle in 1296.
The Tughlaq sultan :
The Tughlaq dynasty also referred to as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty, was a Muslim dynasty of Turko-Indian origin which ruled over the Delhi sultanate in medieval India. Its reign started in 1320 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. The dynasty ended in 1413. The dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by Muhammad bin Tughluq, and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. It ruled most of the Indian subcontinent. The ancestry of dynasty is debated among modern historians, because the earlier sources provide different information regarding it. Tughluq's court poet Badr-i Chach attempted to find a royal genealogy for the dynasty, but this can be dismissed as flattery. Another court poet Amir Khusrau, in his Tughluq Nama, states that Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq described himself as an unimportant man ("awara mard") in his early career. The contemporary Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta states that Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq belonged to the "Qarauna tribe of the Turks", who lived in the hilly region between Turkestan and Sindh. Ibn Battuta's source for this claim was the Sufi saint Rukn-ud-Din Abul Fateh, but the claim is not corroborated by any other contemporary source.
The Sayyid Dynasty :
Sayyid dynasty, rulers of India’s Delhi sultanate (c. 1414–51) as successors of the Tughluq dynasty until displaced by the Afghan Lodīs. This family claimed to be sayyids, or descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. The central authority of the Delhi sultanate had been fatally weakened by the invasion of the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) and his capture of Delhi in 1398. For the next 50 years, north India was virtually divided between a number of military chiefs, the strongest of whom were the Sharqī sultans of Jaunpur. The first Sayyid ruler of Delhi was Khizr Khan (reigned 1414–21), who had been governor of the Punjab. He and his three successors occupied themselves in raids to collect revenue, barely maintaining themselves against the Sharqī sultans to the east and the Khokars to the northwest. Khizr’s successor, Mubārak Shah, had some success, but, after the latter’s assassination in 1434, his two successors, Muḥammad Shah and ʿĀlam Shah, proved incapable.
The Lodi dynasty :
Lodī dynasty, (1451–1526), last ruling family of the Delhi sultanate of India. The dynasty was of Afghan origin. The first Lodī ruler was Bahlūl Lodī (reigned 1451–89), the most powerful of the Punjab chiefs, who replaced the last king of the Sayyid dynasty in 1451. Bahlūl was a vigorous leader, holding together a loose confederacy of Afghan and Turkish chiefs with his strong personality. Starting with only the control of the region adjacent to Delhi, Bahlūl extended the effective boundaries of his empire to the borders of Bengal. This expansion involved the conquest of the powerful kingdoms of Malwa and Jaunpur. Though twice besieged in Delhi, he finally defeated and partially annexed Jaunpur in 1479.Bahlūl’s second son, Sikandar (reigned 1489–1517), continued his father’s expansion policy. He gained control of Bihar and founded the modern city of Agra on the site known as Sikandarabad.