Write down different types of crops with examples
Answers
Answer:
Crops are plants grown by the farmers. Agriculture plays a very important role in the Indian economy. It is the backbone of our country. 70% of the Indian population depends on agriculture for food and money. It is the major occupation in the rural areas. The cultivation of crops depends primarily on the weather and soil conditions.
Types of Crops
The crops are of the following types depending upon the season in which they are grown:
Kharif Crops
The crops which are grown in the monsoon season in the month of June-September are known as Kharif crops. For eg., maize, millet, and cotton.
The seeds are sown at the beginning of monsoon season and harvested at the end of the monsoon season, usually in the month of October-November.
Such crops require a lot of water and hot weather for proper growth.
Rabi Crops
The name “Rabi” means “spring” – a word derived from Arabic.
The crops that are grown in the winter season and harvested in the spring, i.e., from the month of October to March are called Rabi crops.
Wheat, gram, and mustard are some of the Rabi crops.
Various agricultural practices are carried out to produce new crop varieties.
Such crops require a warm climate for the germination and maturation of seeds. They, however, require a cold climate for their growth.
Zaid Crops
Such crops are grown between the Kharif and Rabi seasons, i.e., between March and June.
These crops mature early.
Cucumber, pumpkin, bitter gourd, and watermelon are zaid crops.
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Answer:
The categories are: 1. Classification Based on Season 2. Classification According to Taxonomy 3. Classification According to Botany 4. Classification Based on Special Purpose 5. Classification Based on Cultural Method/Water 6. Classification Based on Root System 7. Classification Based on No. of Cotyledon.
Category # 1. Classification Based on Season:
1. Kharif Crops:
The Kharif/monsoon crop is sown with the beginning of the first rains in June to July, during the south-west monsoon season and harvest in the month of October. The term Kharif means “autumn” in Arabic, e.g. Paddy, Maize, Soybean, Sorghum, Groundnut, Cotton, Urd etc
2. Rabi Crops:
The Rabi/winter crop or spring harvest crop is sown in the month of November during the north-east monsoon season and harvest in the month of February. The term Rabi means “spring” in Arabic, e.g. Wheat, Chickpea, Pea, Sunflower, Safflower, Mustard etc.
3. Zaid Crops:
The Zaid/summer crop is mainly sown in the month of March and harvested in May. Requires warm day weather for major growth period and longer day length for flowering e.g. Paddy, Groundnut, Moong, Sunflower, Maize, Groundnuts, Watermelon, Pumpkins and Gourds.
Explanation:
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