Write down the advantages and limitations of Natural system of classification.
Answers
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Explanation:
AdvantageAdvantages of natural system are given below :(i)Only related organisms are kept in a group.(ii)Unrelated organisms are kept in separate groups.(iii)It shows natural relatioships among the organisms.(iv)It shows possible origin of different taxa.DisadvantageDisadvantages of natural system are given below :(i)There is more emphasis given on natural character.(ii)In this system several related families are separate and unrelated families are put together.(iii)Evolutionary basis is neglected.Phylogenetic System of ClassificationThe phylogenetic system of classification indicates the evolutionary as well as genetic relationshipamong organisms. This system is based on fossil recoreds of biochemical, anatomical, morphological,physiological embryological and genetical.The system was initiated by Englerand Prantl(1887-1899) in Die Naturalichen Pflanzefamilien. Inphylogenetic system, flowering plants are placed in ascending series related to complexity of floralmorphology.
The phylogenetic system of classification are mainly the rearrangement of taxonomiccharacters in addition to the phylogenetic information.
AdvantagesAdvantages of phylogenetic system are given below :(i)Families and order in this system are of small size.(ii)This system is in conformation with the modern views of phylogeny.(iii)They use information from various sources to solve problems of classification. Such informationbecome more important in the absence of supporting fossil evidences.DisadvantageDisadvantages of phylogenetic system are given below :(i)This is not helpful in plant identification.(ii)The classification is outdated as the habit is used as main basis of classification.Types of TaxonomyFor the suitability in studies various categorisations has been done in taxonomy.The important taxonomies are as follows1.Numerical TaxonomyIt is carried out by quantitative assessment of similarities and differences in order to make objectiveassessement. It is now easily carried out using computers based on all observable characteristics.Number and codes are assigned to all the characters and the data are then processed. In this way,each character is given equal importance and at the same time hundreds of characters can be considered.2.CytotaxonomyCytotaxonomy is based on cytological information like chromosome number, structure, behaviour andtype of chromosomes. For example,(i)Chromosome number is constant for a species, e.g., 46 in man, 48 in apes and potato, 20 inmaize, 16 in onion and 8 in Drosophila.(ii)Behaviour of chromosomes was used by taxonomists during pairing and banding patterns tounderstand the relationships between species e.g., Origin of humans from apes, origin of wheat etc.