Question

write down the important physical properties of soil

Answer 1

 



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

SOIL TEXTURE

The particles that make up soil are categorized into three groups by size – sand, silt, and clay. Sand particles are the largest and clay particles the smallest. Most soils are a combination of the three. The relative percentages of sand, silt, and clay are what give soil its texture. A clay loam texture soil, for example, has nearly equal parts of sand, slit, and clay. These textural seperates result from the weathering process.

There are 12 soil textural classes represented on the soil texture triangle. This triangle is used so that terms like “clay” or “loam” always have the same meaning. Each texture corresponds to specific percentages of sand, silt, or clay. Knowing the texture helps us manage the soil.



SOIL STRUCTURE

Soil structure is the arrangement of soil particles into small clumps, called peds or aggregates. Soil particles (sand, silt, clay and even organic matter) bind together to form peds. Depending on the composition and on the conditions in which the peds formed (getting wet and drying out, or freezing and thawing, foot traffic, farming, etc.), the ped has a specific shape. They could be granular (like gardening soil), blocky, columnar, platy, massive (like modeling clay) or single-grained (like beach sand). 

SOIL COLOR

Soil color is influenced primarily by soil mineralogy – telling us what is in a specific soil. Soils high in iron are deep orange-brown to yellowish-brown. Those soils that are high in organic matter are dark brown or black. Color can also tell us how a soil “behaves” – a soil that drains well is brightly colored and one that is often wet and soggy will have a mottled pattern of grays, reds, and yellows.

Answer 2

Soil is a thin layer of thin layer of loose mixture of rock particles and rotting organic matterthat covers the earth surface. There are four kinds of soil:
1.Alluvial soil:
It is of two types:
1.bhangar soil which is composed of lime nodules and has a clayey composition. Light brownish in colour.
2.khadar soil which is light in colour.
2.Black soil: also known as regur soil, dark in colour.
3.Red soil: It contains large amount of iron oxide and red in colour.
4.Laterite soil: it is coarse and porous, red due to iron oxide,


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