Question

Write functions of guard cells of stomata in the leaf

Answer 1

When you get hot, you sweat, and when you sweat, water comes out of your skin through pores called sweat glands. Plants also 'sweat' through a process called transpiration, and the plant's pores, which are found on the leaves, are called stomata.

The difference between you sweating and the plant 'sweating' is that your body is purposefully pushing water out of your sweat glands to cool off. Plants do not like losing water, but it is a necessary trade-off because the stomata allow gases to exchange during photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process of converting sunlight into usable chemical energy in plants, and this process is necessary for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to occur.

So, how do plants keep from losing all their water through stomata? Surrounding each stomata are two guard cells, which regulate the opening and closing of stomata to facilitate gas exchange and control transpiration in plants.

Answer 2

The opening and closing of the pores is a function of guard cells. They swell when water flows into them, causing the stomatal pore to open. Similarly, the pores close if the guard cells shrink.

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