Question

Write how flow of energy occurs in an ecosystem. (Marks-3)

Answer 1

At the first trophic level, primary producers (plants, algae, and some bacteria) use solar energy to produce organic plant material through photosynthesis. ... The low rate ofenergy transfer between trophic levels makes decomposers generally more important than producers in terms ofenergy flow.



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Answer 2

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1. The green plants in a Terrestrial ecosystem capture about 1% of the energy of the sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy.

2. When green plants are eaten by primary consumers a great deal of energy is lost as heat to the environment, some amount goes into digestion and in doing work and the rest goes towards growth and reproduction. an average of 10% of the food eaten is turned into its own body and made available for the next level of consumers.

3. Therefore 10% can be taken as the average value for the amount of organic matter that is present at each step and reaches the next level of consumers.

4. Since solar energy is available for the next level of consumers to change generally consist of only three or four steps the loss of energy at each step is so great that very little usable energy remains after four trophic levels.

5. There are generally a greater number of individuals at the lower tropic levels of an ecosystem the greater number is of the producers.

6. The length and complexity of food chains very greatly each organism is generally eaten by two or more other kinds of organisms which in turn are eaten by 7 other organisms so instead of a straight line food chain the relationship can be shown as a series of branching lines called as food web. ☑️☑️

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