write in details about the three different types of muscle tissue with the help of diagram
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The 3 types of muscle tissue are cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striated, and are under involuntary control. ... Skeletal muscle fibers occur in muscles which are attached to the skeleton. They are striated in appearance and are under voluntary control
The three different types of muscle tissue are :
(A) Striated muscular tissue,
(B) Smooth muscular tissue,
(C) Cardiac muscular tissue.
Diagrams are attached below.
MUSCULAR OR CONTRACTILE TISSUES
Structure :
- The muscle cells are highly elongated and contractile, so they are called muscle fibres.
- These have a large number of contractile proteinous threads, called myofibrils, and a contractile cytoplasm called sarcoplasm.
Function:
- Muscular tissues help in various types of movements and locomotion.
Types of muscular tissue :
(1) Striated muscular tissue :
(a) Position:
- It is found in limbs, tongue, body wall, pharynx, and upper part of the oesophagus.
(b) Structure:
- The muscle fibres are arranged in bundles, called fasciculi.
- Each muscle fibre is long, cylindrical, and unbranched. These have blunt ends.
- Each is covered by a special covering called the sarcolemma.
- It is multinucleated. Nuclei are oval and peripheral in position.
- Each myofibril of muscle fibre has alternating dark and light bands, so they are also called striated or striped muscle fibres.
- These are under the will of animals' so-called voluntary muscle fibres.
- These are mostly attached to the bones by tendons, also called skeletal muscle fibres.
(c) Mode of contraction:
- These contract rapidly but for a short period as soon undergo fatigue.
- These help in locomotion and movements of all the voluntary organs of the body.
(2) Smooth muscular tissue :
(a) Position:
- These are present in the wall of visceral organs (e.g., stomach, intestine, blood vessels, iris of eye, ureter, bronchi of lungs, etc.), so-called visceral muscles.
- They also occur in the dermis of the skin, iris and ciliary body of the eye; and the wall of blood vessels.
(b) Structure:
1. They are generally arranged in layers.
2. These are small-sized and spindle-shaped with pointed ends.
3. Each muscle fibre is covered by a plasma membrane.
4. It is uninucleate. The nucleus is spherical and centric in position.
5. These do not form dark and light bands, so they are also called unstriated or unstriped, or smooth muscle fibres.
6. These are not under the will of an animal, so also called involuntary muscles.
7. These are not attached to the bones, so also called non-skeletal muscles.
(c) Mode of contraction:
- These contract slowly but for a long period, as are non-fatigued muscles.
- These help in peristaltic (involuntary) movements of the gut, ureters, and genital ducts to move food, urine, and sex cells.
(C) Cardiac muscular tissue :
(a) Position:
- These are found in the myocardium of the heart.
(b) Structure:
- These are similar to striated muscle fibres in being cylindrical, with light and dark bands (striated), with more mitochondria, and covered with sarcolemma.
- In addition, these are similar to smooth muscle fibres in being uninucleate and involuntary.
- These have certain peculiar properties, i.e., their ends are flat and zig-zag, called intercalated discs, and are branched and interconnected by oblique bridges forming a network.
(c) Mode of contraction:
- These show rapid and rhythmic contraction throughout life so are non-fatigued muscles.
- These help in pumping and distributing blood to various parts of the body.
Learn more on Brainly :
Why are skeletal muscles known as striated muscles?
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