Write one catabolic reaction in organism
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Let’s talk about two major types of metabolic reactions. The word metabolic means biochemical. The two types are called anabolic and catabolic.
Anabolic reactions are associated with growth. Catabolic are associated with the release of energy and energy production. At any moment both reactions are occurring. Collectively all of these reactions are called your metabolism.
Anabolic reactions are basically taking what’s in your food and forming large complex molecules. The context you’ve all heard anabolic before in is that athletes will take anabolic steroids for growth. When sugars are joined together to create glycogen, that’s anabolism. When you join amino acids to make proteins, like in your muscles, that’s an anabolic reaction. When fatty acids in your food are joined to form a triglyceride, that’s an anabolic reaction.
Catabolic reactions are the breakdown of organic molecules for energy. Breaking down sugars for energy, fat for energy, and so forth are all catabolic. To remember what catabolic means, think a CATastrophe where things are falling apart and breaking apart. You could also think of CATS that tear apart your furniture.
Maintaining Body Weight
If you are an adult, this is however tall you’re going to get. None of us are growing any taller. There is only one direction we can grow and that is wider. Since most of us don’t really want to grow any wider that means we must breakdown molecules in our body as fast as we make them or else we will get fat. Even a body builder that increases proteins in their body cells will never grow taller, but wider. If we want to get thinner, we have to slow down the growth reactions. How? Eat less. The way you form these organic molecules are from the food. Eating less slows down the anabolic reactions. If you do things that require energy, such as exercise, that speeds up the breakdown of fats and carbs for energy and speeds up the catabolic reactions. If you want to get thinner, eat less and exercise. Exercise speeds up the catabolic reactions. If we, as adults maintain a balance between anabolic and catabolic we stay the same weight.
For children, these reactions should not be in balance. In a child, the anabolic reactions have to be greater than the catabolic. Boys start their growth spurt after girls. That’s why when they are in 7th or 8th grade, the girls are still taller than the boys. The boys change a couple years after the girls. Guys may gain 2-3 inches in that growth spurt between 14-17 years of age. During that growing period they will eat up all the food in your refrigerator. They are growing like crazy during that time. But what happens to both boys and girls at 18-19 is that if they keep eating the same way, they won’t grow taller anymore but only wider. This is the phenomena everybody notices.
Two Types of Anabolic Reactions1. Dehydration Synthesis Reactions
Anabolic reactions involve the joining of smaller molecules together to form larger, more complex molecules. This occurs through dehydration synthesis reactions. These are the most common ways smaller organic molecules can be formed into more complex ones and applies to the formation of carbs, proteins, lipis and nucleic acids.
Remember when we explained how margarine is made? You start with polyunsaturated vegetable oils and hydrogenate them so that it looks like a saturated fat like those found in animals. We didn’t call it this before, but that’s a reduction reaction because it involves adding hydrogens and electrons to a molecule so that it has more calories of energy.
2. Reduction Reaction. (“RIG”)
A reduction reaction involves the adding of hydrogens and electrons to a molecule. Whenever you do that, it gains calories of energy because when you split a hydrocarbon bond, it releases energy.
Incidentally, the mnemonic for remembering this is…
OIL RIG: Oxidation Is a Loss (of H+ and e–), Reduction Is a Gain (of H+ and e–)
Two Types of Catabolic Reactions1. Hydrolysis Reactions
Catabolism is the breaking apart of molecules to smaller molecules to release energy. An example of a catabolic reaction is digestion and cellular respiration where you break apart sugars and fats for energy. Hydrolysis is the way in which this is done and it is basically the reverse of a dehydration reaction. Breaking down a protein into amino acids or a triglyceride into fatty acids or a disaccharide into monosaccharides are all hydrolysis or catabolic reactions.
2. Oxidation reactions (“OIL”)
Oxidation reactions involve the removal of hydrogens and electrons from an organic molecule.
Antioxidants
Since we just talked about oxidation reactions, let’s go over what antioxidants are.
Anabolic reactions are associated with growth. Catabolic are associated with the release of energy and energy production. At any moment both reactions are occurring. Collectively all of these reactions are called your metabolism.
Anabolic reactions are basically taking what’s in your food and forming large complex molecules. The context you’ve all heard anabolic before in is that athletes will take anabolic steroids for growth. When sugars are joined together to create glycogen, that’s anabolism. When you join amino acids to make proteins, like in your muscles, that’s an anabolic reaction. When fatty acids in your food are joined to form a triglyceride, that’s an anabolic reaction.
Catabolic reactions are the breakdown of organic molecules for energy. Breaking down sugars for energy, fat for energy, and so forth are all catabolic. To remember what catabolic means, think a CATastrophe where things are falling apart and breaking apart. You could also think of CATS that tear apart your furniture.
Maintaining Body Weight
If you are an adult, this is however tall you’re going to get. None of us are growing any taller. There is only one direction we can grow and that is wider. Since most of us don’t really want to grow any wider that means we must breakdown molecules in our body as fast as we make them or else we will get fat. Even a body builder that increases proteins in their body cells will never grow taller, but wider. If we want to get thinner, we have to slow down the growth reactions. How? Eat less. The way you form these organic molecules are from the food. Eating less slows down the anabolic reactions. If you do things that require energy, such as exercise, that speeds up the breakdown of fats and carbs for energy and speeds up the catabolic reactions. If you want to get thinner, eat less and exercise. Exercise speeds up the catabolic reactions. If we, as adults maintain a balance between anabolic and catabolic we stay the same weight.
For children, these reactions should not be in balance. In a child, the anabolic reactions have to be greater than the catabolic. Boys start their growth spurt after girls. That’s why when they are in 7th or 8th grade, the girls are still taller than the boys. The boys change a couple years after the girls. Guys may gain 2-3 inches in that growth spurt between 14-17 years of age. During that growing period they will eat up all the food in your refrigerator. They are growing like crazy during that time. But what happens to both boys and girls at 18-19 is that if they keep eating the same way, they won’t grow taller anymore but only wider. This is the phenomena everybody notices.
Two Types of Anabolic Reactions1. Dehydration Synthesis Reactions
Anabolic reactions involve the joining of smaller molecules together to form larger, more complex molecules. This occurs through dehydration synthesis reactions. These are the most common ways smaller organic molecules can be formed into more complex ones and applies to the formation of carbs, proteins, lipis and nucleic acids.
Remember when we explained how margarine is made? You start with polyunsaturated vegetable oils and hydrogenate them so that it looks like a saturated fat like those found in animals. We didn’t call it this before, but that’s a reduction reaction because it involves adding hydrogens and electrons to a molecule so that it has more calories of energy.
2. Reduction Reaction. (“RIG”)
A reduction reaction involves the adding of hydrogens and electrons to a molecule. Whenever you do that, it gains calories of energy because when you split a hydrocarbon bond, it releases energy.
Incidentally, the mnemonic for remembering this is…
OIL RIG: Oxidation Is a Loss (of H+ and e–), Reduction Is a Gain (of H+ and e–)
Two Types of Catabolic Reactions1. Hydrolysis Reactions
Catabolism is the breaking apart of molecules to smaller molecules to release energy. An example of a catabolic reaction is digestion and cellular respiration where you break apart sugars and fats for energy. Hydrolysis is the way in which this is done and it is basically the reverse of a dehydration reaction. Breaking down a protein into amino acids or a triglyceride into fatty acids or a disaccharide into monosaccharides are all hydrolysis or catabolic reactions.
2. Oxidation reactions (“OIL”)
Oxidation reactions involve the removal of hydrogens and electrons from an organic molecule.
Antioxidants
Since we just talked about oxidation reactions, let’s go over what antioxidants are.
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exothermic reactions in organisms r catabolic reaction.An example is breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration to release energy
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